Nokea
the most dangerous complication of untreated hypothyroidism is
- A. mental retardation.
- B. hypertension.
- C. low weight gain.
- D. sensitivity to heat.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most dangerous complication of untreated hypothyroidism is mental retardation, especially in infants and children. Thyroid hormones play a vital role in the brain development of infants and young children. Severe and prolonged hypothyroidism during this critical period can lead to irreversible cognitive impairment, affecting intelligence and neurodevelopment. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism are essential to prevent this serious complication, particularly in children.
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The nurse is taking care of a 7-year-old child with herpes simplex virus (type 1 or 2). Which prescribed medication should the nurse expect to be included in the treatment plan?
- A. Corticosteroids
- B. Oral griseofulvin
- C. Oral antiviral agent
- D. Topical and/or systemic antibiotic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For the treatment of herpes simplex virus (type 1 or 2) in a 7-year-old child, the nurse should expect the prescribed medication to include an oral antiviral agent. Antiviral medications such as acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir are commonly used to manage herpes simplex virus infections. These medications help to reduce the severity and duration of symptoms, promote healing of lesions, and prevent future outbreaks. Corticosteroids are not typically used in the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections. Oral griseofulvin is an antifungal medication used to treat fungal infections, not viral infections like herpes simplex virus. Topical and/or systemic antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections and are not effective against viruses like herpes simplex.
A nurse is formulating a clinical question for evidence-based practice. Place in order the steps the nurse should use to clarify the scope of the problem and clinical topic of interest. Begin with the first step of the process and proceed ordering the steps ending with the final step of the process. Provide answer as lowercase letters separated by commas (e.g., a, b, c, d, e).
- A. Intervention
- B. Outcome
- C. Population
- D. Time
Correct Answer: c
Rationale: Population : The first step is to clearly define the population of interest for the clinical question. Identifying the specific population will help in formulating a focused and relevant question.
A client is receiving chemotherapy for cancer. The nurse reviews the client's laboratory report and notes that he has thrombocytopenia. To which nursing diagnosis should the nurse give the highest priority?
- A. Activity intolerance
- B. Impaired tissue integrity
- C. Impaired oral mucous membranes
- D. Ineffective tissue perfusion: Cerebral, cardiopulmonary, GI
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by a low platelet count, which can lead to impaired clot formation and increased risk of bleeding. With a low platelet count, there is an increased risk of internal bleeding and hemorrhage, which can affect vital organs such as the brain, heart, and gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, the priority nursing diagnosis for a client with thrombocytopenia receiving chemotherapy would be Ineffective tissue perfusion: Cerebral, cardiopulmonary, GI. Monitoring for signs of internal bleeding, such as changes in mental status, chest pain, and abdominal pain, is crucial to prevent potential life-threatening complications.
A baby is born temporarily immune to the diseases to which the mother is immune. The nurse understands that this is an example of which of the following types of immunity?
- A. Naturally acquired passive immunity
- B. Naturally acquired active immunity
- C. Artificially acquired passive immunity
- D. Artificially acquired active immunity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the scenario described, the baby is born with temporary immunity to diseases that the mother is immune to. This is an example of naturally acquired passive immunity, where the baby receives preformed antibodies from the mother, providing immediate protection against certain diseases. This type of immunity is passive because the baby did not produce the antibodies themselves, and it is naturally acquired as it occurs through the transfer of antibodies from the mother to the baby during pregnancy.
Metabolic derangement secondary to tumor lysis syndrome in children includes all the following EXCEPT
- A. hyperuricemia
- B. hypernatremia
- C. hyperkalemia
- D. hyperphosphatemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypernatremia is not typically associated with tumor lysis syndrome, whereas hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, and hyperphosphatemia are common.