Nokea
The most deadly skin cancer is
- A. melanoma
Correct Answer: melanoma
Rationale: Malignant melanoma is a cancerous neoplasm that invades the epidermis, dermis, and sometimes the subcutaneous tissue.
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When providing the open method of treatment for a patient who is 52 years old with burns to the lower extremities, which does the nurse expect to see included in the nursing plan?
- A. Change the dressing using good medical asepsis.
- B. Provide an analgesic immediately after the dressing change.
- C. Perform circulation checks every 2 to 4 hours.
- D. Keep the room temperature at 85°F (29.4°C) to prevent chilling.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chilling may be controlled by keeping the room temperature at 85°F (29.4°C). The open method of burn injury treatment does not involve dressings; the wound is left undressed. Strict surgical protocol is observed and analgesia should be given before the treatment. Circulation is not restricted if the wound area is left open.
What is the last intervention for a hospitalized severely burned victim during the emergent phase?
- A. Tetanus prophylaxis.
- B. Insert Foley catheter.
- C. Insert nasogastric tube.
- D. Establish airway.
- E. Administer analgesics.
- F. Initiate fluid therapy.
Correct Answer: A,
Rationale: The priority of care should proceed from the establishment of an airway,initiation of fluid therapy,insertion of Foley and NG tube administration of analgesics and tetanus prophylaxis."
A patient has been admitted to the hospital with burns to the upper chest. The nurse notes singed nasal hairs. The nurse needs to assess this patient frequently for which condition?
- A. Decreased activity
- B. Bradycardia
- C. Respiratory complications
- D. Hypertension
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Signs and symptoms of inhalation injury include singed nasal hairs. Breathing difficulties may take several hours to occur.
A patient has sustained a burn injury following a house fire. Which finding indicates the need to observe the patient for airway complications?
- A. Bradypnea
- B. Singed nasal hairs
- C. Burns to the upper arms
- D. Intercostal retractions
- E. Grunting noted with respiration
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: A patient who has sustained a burn injury should be monitored for airway complications if the patient has singed nasal hairs, intercostal retractions or grunting respirations. Tachypnea, not bradypnea, is a finding suggestive of potential airway complications. A patient with burns to the face, neck and upper chest requires further observation.
A patient developed a severe contact dermatitis of the hands, arms, and lower legs after spending an afternoon picking strawberries. The patient states that the itching is severe and cannot keep from scratching. Which instruction will be helpful in managing the pruritus?
- A. Use cool, wet dressings and baths to promote vasoconstriction.
- B. Trim the fingernails short to prevent skin damage from scratching.
- C. Expose the areas to the sun to promote drying and healing of the lesions.
- D. Wear cotton gloves and cover all other affected areas with clothing to prevent environmental irritation.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Wet dressings and using Burow's solution help promote the healing process. Cold compresses may be applied to decrease circulation to the area (vasoconstriction). Short nails prevent skin damage, but not pruritus. Exposing the areas to the sun will not manage pruritus. Wearing cotton gloves may prevent environmental irritation, but will not help the existing pruritis.