Nokea
The most likely cause of her chief complaint this morning is
- A. A decrease in postoperative stress causing poiyuria
- B. The onset of diabetes mellitus, an unusual complication
- C. An expected result of the removal of the pituitary gland
- D. A frequent complication of the hypophysectomy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because polyuria is a common complication of hypophysectomy, the surgical removal of the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland plays a crucial role in regulating water balance in the body, and its removal can lead to excessive urine production. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because a decrease in stress does not typically cause polyuria, diabetes mellitus is not an immediate complication of surgery, and polyuria is not an expected result of pituitary gland removal.
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Before a cancer receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) resumes a normal diet, the nurse teaches him about dietary sources of minerals. Which foods are good sources of zinc?
- A. Fruits and yellow vegetables
- B. Fruits and green vegetables
- C. Yeast and legumes
- D. Whole grains and meats
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Whole grains and meats. Zinc is mainly found in animal-based foods like meats and seafood. Meats, particularly red meats, are rich sources of zinc. Whole grains like wheat, rice, and oats also contain zinc. Legumes (Choice C) are sources of other minerals but not high in zinc. Fruits and vegetables (Choices A and B) are not significant sources of zinc. The correct answer provides the best options for the cancer patient to obtain an adequate amount of zinc for recovery.
A client is diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disorder. When teaching the client and family about autoimmune disorders, the nurse should provide which information?
- A. Clients with autoimmune disorders may have false-negative but not false-positive serologic tests
- B. Advanced medical interventions can cure most autoimmune disorders
- C. Autoimmune disorders include connective tissue (collagen) disorders
- D. Autoimmune disorders are distinctive, adding differential diagnosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C - Autoimmune disorders include connective tissue (collagen) disorders.
Rationale: Autoimmune disorders involve the immune system mistakenly attacking healthy cells and tissues in the body, which can lead to various conditions, including connective tissue disorders like rheumatoid arthritis. Providing this information to the client and family is crucial for understanding the nature of autoimmune disorders and the potential impact on the body.
Summary of other choices:
A: False-negative or false-positive serologic tests can occur in autoimmune disorders, so this statement is not specific enough to be the most appropriate information to provide.
B: Advanced medical interventions can manage symptoms but not cure autoimmune disorders, making this statement inaccurate and misleading.
D: Autoimmune disorders can present with a wide range of symptoms and can be challenging to diagnose, but this statement does not address the specific link between autoimmune disorders and connective tissue disorders.
Which of the following communication methods is not an option for a patient following laryngectomy surgery?
- A. Placing a finger over the stoma
- B. Using a picture board
- C. Using a special valve that diverts air into
- D. Learning esophageal speech the oesophagus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because learning esophageal speech involves creating sound by pushing air from the mouth into the esophagus and then releasing it. Following laryngectomy surgery, the patient's larynx is removed, making it impossible to produce sound in this manner. Placing a finger over the stoma (A) allows the patient to redirect air through the mouth for speech, using a picture board (B) enables communication through written or visual cues, and using a special valve that diverts air into the trachea (C) allows for voice rehabilitation. In summary, options A, B, and C are valid communication methods post-laryngectomy surgery, while option D is not feasible due to the absence of the larynx.
Which of the ff is the primary sign of breast cancer?
- A. A bloody discharge from the nipple
- B. A retraction of the nipple
- C. A dimpling of the skin over the lesion
- D. A painless mass in the breast CLIENT IN BIOLOGICAL CRISIS MANAGEMENT of PATIENTS with COMPLICATIONS from HEART DISEASE
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: A painless mass in the breast. This is the primary sign of breast cancer because most breast cancers present as painless lumps or masses. This is due to the abnormal growth of cells forming a tumor. Other choices (A, B, C) are also signs of breast cancer, but they are not as common or primary as the presence of a painless mass. A bloody discharge from the nipple (A) can be a sign of a benign condition or cancer, but it is not the most common presentation. Nipple retraction (B) and dimpling of the skin over the lesion (C) can also be signs of breast cancer, but they usually occur in later stages of the disease. Therefore, the presence of a painless mass in the breast is the primary sign that should raise suspicion for breast cancer.
During the physical examination of a client for a possible neurologic disorder, how can the nurse examine the client for stiffness and rigidity of the neck?
- A. By positioning the client flat on bed for at least 3 hrs
- B. By moving the head and chin of the client toward the chest
- C. By asking the client to bend and pick up small and large objects on the floor
- D. By introducing a painful stimulus on the neck
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. To examine stiffness and rigidity of the neck, the nurse should move the client's head and chin toward the chest. This maneuver assesses for resistance and limitation in neck flexion, which can indicate stiffness and rigidity commonly seen in neurologic disorders like meningitis or cervical dystonia.
A: Positioning the client flat on the bed for hours does not specifically target neck stiffness and rigidity.
C: Asking the client to bend and pick up objects assesses motor function, not neck stiffness.
D: Introducing a painful stimulus is not a standard or appropriate method for examining neck stiffness and rigidity.