Nokea
The mother of a 2 month-old baby calls the nurse 2 days after the first DTaP, HPV, Hepatitis B and HIB immunizations. She reports that the baby feels very warm, cries inconsolably for as long as 3 hours, and has had several shaking spells. In addition to referring her to the emergency room, the nurse should document the reaction on the baby's record and expect which immunization to be most associated with the findings the infant is displaying?
- A. DTaP
- B. Hepatitis B
- C. Polio
- D. H. Influenza
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The majority of reactions occur with the administration of the DTaP vaccination. Contraindications to giving repeat DTaP immunizations include the occurrence of severe side effects after a previous dose as well as signs of encephalopathy within 7 days of the immunization.
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The licensed practical nurse is assisting the charge nurse in planning care for a client with a detached retina. Which of the following nursing diagnoses should receive priority?
- A. Alteration in comfort
- B. Alteration in mobility
- C. Alteration in skin integrity
- D. Alteration in O2 perfusion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alteration in mobility is priority for a detached retina, as positioning and activity restrictions prevent further detachment. Comfort, skin integrity, and O2 perfusion are secondary concerns.
A client diagnosed with metastatic cancer of the bone is exhibiting mental confusion and a BP of 160/100. Which laboratory value would correlate with the client's symptoms reflecting a common complication with this diagnosis?
- A. Potassium 5.2 mEq/l
- B. Calcium 13 mg/dl
- C. Inorganic phosphorus 1.7 mEq/l
- D. Sodium 138 mEq/l
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypercalcemia is a common occurrence with cancer of the bone. The potassium level is elevated but does not relate to the diagnosis, so answer A is incorrect. Answers C and D are both normal levels, so they are incorrect.
The nurse is monitoring a client during the dwell time of a peritoneal dialysis cycle. Which of the following findings would require immediate follow-up?
- A. reports of intermittent nausea
- B. crackles in the lung bases bilaterally
- C. 1+ pitting edema of the ankles and feet bilaterally
- D. blood pressure of 108/88 mm Hg and heart rate of 72/min
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Crackles suggest fluid overload, a serious dialysis complication. Nausea , mild edema , and normal BP/HR are less urgent.
A client with paranoid thoughts refuses to eat because of the belief that the food is poisoned. The appropriate statement at this time for the nurse to say is
- A. Here, I will pour a little of the juice in a medicine cup to drink it to show you that it is OK.'
- B. The food has been prepared in our kitchen and is not poisoned.'
- C. Let's see if your partner could bring food from home.'
- D. If you don't eat, I will have to suggest for you to be tube fed.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reassurance is ineffective when a client is actively delusional. This option avoids both arguing with the client and agreeing with the delusional premise.
A client with myocardial infarction underwent successful revascularization with stent placement, is now chest pain free, and will be attending cardiac rehabilitation as an outpatient. The client is embarrassed to talk to the health care provider about resuming sexual relations. What teaching should the nurse reinforce with this client?
- A. Client may be ready for sexual activity if no symptoms occur when climbing 2 flights of stairs
- B. Client will be ready for sexual activity after completion of cardiac rehabilitation
- C. It will be 6 months before the heart is healthy enough for sexual activity
- D. Medications such as sildenafil or tadalafil are available as prescriptions from the health care provider
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Climbing two flights of stairs without symptoms indicates sufficient cardiac reserve for sexual activity. Waiting for rehab completion or 6 months is unnecessary, and medications require provider discussion.