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The mother of a child with chronic renal failure who is receiving peritoneal dialysis at home asks the nurse what she can do if both inflow and drain times are increased. Which of the following instructions would be most appropriate for the nurse to include when responding to the mother?
- A. Assess the child for constipation.
- B. Decrease the amount of dialysate infused for each dwell.
- C. Incorporate the increased inflow and drain times into the dialysis schedule.
- D. Monitor the child for shoulder pain during inflow and drain times.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Constipation can affect dialysis flow.
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Which of the following measures would be most effective in helping the infant with a cleft lip and palate to retain oral feedings?
- A. Burp the infant at frequent intervals.
- B. Feed the infant small amounts at one time.
- C. Place the end of the nipple far to the back of the infant's tongue.
- D. Maintain the infant in a lying position while feeding.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Feeding small amounts at a time reduces the risk of aspiration and helps the infant manage feedings despite the cleft, promoting retention.
The parents of a child with occasional generalized seizures want to send the child to summer camp. The parents contact the nurse for advice on planning for the camping experience. Which of the following activities should the nurse and family decide the child should avoid?
- A. Rock climbing.
- B. Hiking.
- C. Swimming.
- D. Tennis.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Swimming poses a drowning risk during a seizure; it should be avoided unless closely supervised.
During physical assessment of a 4-month-old infant with Hirschsprung's disease, the nurse should most likely note which of the following?
- A. Scaphoid-shaped abdomen.
- B. Weight less than expected for height and age.
- C. Cyanosis of the fingers and toes.
- D. Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hirschsprung's disease can lead to poor weight gain due to bowel obstruction.
After teaching a group of parents about temper tantrums, the nurse knows the teaching has been effective when one of the parents states which of the following?
- A. I will ignore the temper tantrum.
- B. I should pick up the child during the tantrum.
- C. I'll talk to my daughter during the tantrum.
- D. I should put my child in time out.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ignoring temper tantrums reduces attention-seeking behavior and is an effective strategy.
The mother tells the nurse that her 8-year-old child is continually telling jokes and riddles to the point of driving the other family members crazy. The nurse should explain this behavior is a sign of?
- A. Inadequate parental attention.
- B. Mastery of language ambiguities.
- C. Inappropriate peer influence.
- D. Excessive television watching.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Telling jokes and riddles reflects cognitive development and understanding of language nuances.