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The mother tells the nurse that the child is continually telling jokes and riddles to the point of driving the other family members crazy. The nurse should explain that this behavior is a sign of...
- A. Inadequately parental attention
- B. Mastery of language ambiguities
- C. Inappropriate peer influence
- D. Excessive television watching
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Telling jokes and riddles reflects a school-age child's mastery of language ambiguities.
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A pregnant woman is experiencing nausea in the early morning. What recommendations would the nurse offer to alleviate this symptom?
- A. Eat three well-balanced meals per day and limit snacks.
- B. Drink a full glass of fluid at the beginning of each meal.
- C. Have crackers handy at the bedside, and eat a few before getting out of bed.
- D. Eat a bland diet and avoid concentrated sweets.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse can recommend eating dry toast or crackers before getting out of bed in the morning to alleviate nausea during pregnancy.
A one year old child is brought to pediatric out patient clinic with a three day history of diarrhea and vomiting. What is the first step in your plan of management for the next 24 hours?
- A. Administer IV fluids at 20 mL/kg bolus
- B. Start oral rehydration therapy (ORT)
- C. Prescribe antibiotics
- D. Monitor blood glucose levels
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For severe dehydration, initial management includes rapid IV fluid resuscitation with a 20 mL/kg bolus of normal saline or Ringer’s lactate to restore circulation.
A child age 7 was unable to receive the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine at the recommended scheduled time. When would the nurse expect to administer MMR vaccine?
- A. In a month from now
- B. In a year from now
- C. At age 10
- D. At age 13
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Based on the recommendations of the American Academy of Family Physicians and the American Academy of Pediatrics, the MMR vaccine should be given at the age of 10 if the child did not receive it between the ages of 4 to 6 years as recommended.
A three year old child is brought to hospital by his step mother with a 2 month history of diarrhea, poor feeding and progressive leg swelling. He also has wounds on his legs and perineum. His weight is $7 \mathrm{~kg}$. When you examine him you find he is in shock and has kwashiorkor. What is your differential diagnosis?
- A. Kwashiorkor, child abuse
- B. Celiac disease, cystic fibrosis
- C. Congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome
- D. Tuberculosis, HIV
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Kwashiorkor (edema, low weight) and child abuse (cigarette burns, multiple wounds) fit the clinical picture of malnutrition and trauma.
The nurse leads an adolescent health information group, which often expands into other areas of discussion. She knows that these youths are trying to find out 'who they are,' and discussion often focuses on which directions they want to take in school and life, as well as peer relationships. According to Erikson, this stage is known as:
- A. Identity vs. role confusion.
- B. Adolescent rebellion.
- C. Career experimentation.
- D. Relationship testing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erikson’s stage of 'Identity vs. Role Confusion' occurs during adolescence, where individuals explore their sense of self, roles, and future directions, aligning with the group’s focus on identity, school, life, and peer relationships.