The NSAID that is comparable to morphine in efficacy is:
- A. Feldene.
- B. Stodal.
- C. Toradol.
- D. Elavil.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Toradol is the first injectable NSAID equal to morphine in efficacy.
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While repositioning the client, the LPN notices a shallow, open ulcer on the sacrum with partial-thickness skin loss. What is the classification stage of this ulcer?
- A. Stage I
- B. Stage IV
- C. Stage II
- D. Stage III
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An ulcer is classified as stage II when the skin is not intact and there is partial-thickness skin loss. An ulcer with full-thickness skin loss would be stage III.
The experienced nurse observes the student nurse caring for the client with the wet plaster cast illustrated. Which conclusion by the experienced nurse is correct?
- A. The student should not be touching the plaster cast because it is wet.
- B. The student should be using a pillow to lift the client's casted extremity.
- C. The student is correctly handling a wet plaster cast with the palms.
- D. The student should be using fingers and not the palms to handle the cast.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: C: Using palms prevents indentations in wet casts. A: Wet casts can be touched to reposition. B: Pillows limit inspection of the cast underside. D: Fingers cause pressure points.
A hospitalized adult client who routinely works from midnight until 8 a.m. has a temperature of 99.1°F at 4 a.m. The nurse determines that this is most likely due to:
- A. delta sleep
- B. slow brain waves
- C. pneumonia
- D. circadian rhythm
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Biological rhythms that follow a cycle lasting about 24 hours are termed circadian rhythm. The sleep-wake cycle is closely linked with cardiac rhythms, such as body temperature. While a person sleeps, core body temperature drops, often reaching the 24-hour low at 4 a.m. When the sleep period shifts, temperature fluctuations also shift to match the new sleep patterns.
The client with a new colostomy asks how to deal with gas coming from the stoma. To respond to the client's concern, the nurse should ask the client to take which action? Select all that apply.
- A. Describe the dietary intake, including types of foods.
- B. Include cruciferous vegetables in the diet daily.
- C. Decrease fluid intake to 1200 mL per 24 hours.
- D. Prick the colostomy stoma pouch with a pin.
- E. Limit intake of gas-producing carbonated sodas.
- F. In the bathroom, open the pouch clamp to release gas.
Correct Answer: A,E,F
Rationale: A: Assessing diet identifies gas-producing foods. E: Limiting carbonated drinks reduces gas. F: Releasing gas in a bathroom controls odor. B: Cruciferous vegetables increase gas. C: Reduced fluid risks dehydration. D: Pricking the pouch causes leaks and odor.
The client residing in a nursing home has bilateral weak handgrips and visual and hearing deficits. Which interventions should the nurse implement when the client is eating a meal? Select all that apply.
- A. Ask the client's permission to open containers and cut up meats on the food tray.
- B. Obtain special easy-to-hold, built-up silverware for the client to use when eating.
- C. Observe the client, but avoid providing assistance even if the client is frustrated.
- D. Help feed the client if the client is eating too slowly so food does not get too cold.
- E. Ensure that the client wears eyeglasses and hearing aids before starting to eat.
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: A: Asking permission promotes autonomy. B: Built-up silverware aids weak grips. E: Sensory aids enhance independence. C: Assistance reduces frustration. D: Feeding discourages independence.