Nokea
The number of reported medical errors demonstrates a need for what priority intervention?
- A. Simulation experiences
- B. Performance competency exercises
- C. Comprehensive instructor-constructed examinations
- D. Detailed care planning exercises
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Simulation experiences. This intervention allows healthcare professionals to practice real-life scenarios in a controlled environment, improving skills and decision-making. It helps identify and address potential errors before they occur, enhancing patient safety. Other choices lack the hands-on, practical approach of simulations and may not adequately prepare professionals for real-world situations. Simulation experiences are crucial for enhancing clinical competence and reducing medical errors.
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A nursing student planning to apply for licensure knows that being charged with which offense would result in a minor criminal offense?
- A. Solicitation of illegal drugs
- B. Stealing a car
- C. Failing to report elder abuse
- D. Billing Medicare for services not rendered
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Solicitation of illegal drugs. This offense typically results in a minor criminal offense because it involves attempting to purchase or obtain illegal drugs, which is considered a less serious crime compared to the other choices. Stealing a car (B) is a major criminal offense, as it involves theft of property. Failing to report elder abuse (C) is a serious offense as it neglects the duty to protect vulnerable individuals. Billing Medicare for services not rendered (D) is a form of fraud and can result in severe consequences. Therefore, the solicitation of illegal drugs is the least serious offense among the options provided.
The nurse caring for a patient who practices Ayurveda would assess for:
- A. an increased stool osmolality gap resulting from dehydration.
- B. petechiae resulting from fine-needle punctures.
- C. use of over-the-counter remedies intended for intended symptom.
- D. magnets strategically placed on affected joints.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, as Ayurveda is a traditional Indian medicine system using herbal remedies. Assessing for over-the-counter remedies aligns with Ayurvedic practices.
A: Stool osmolality gap and dehydration are not directly related to Ayurveda.
B: Petechiae from fine-needle punctures are not typically associated with Ayurveda.
D: Magnets on joints are not a common Ayurvedic practice.
In summary, assessing for over-the-counter remedies is the most relevant choice for a patient who practices Ayurveda.
A nurse is interested in locating reliable information concerning noninvasive blood glucose monitoring. Information is located, and the author is a scientist who conducted studies within the last year on the effectiveness of a particular noninvasive blood glucose monitor. The scientist received funding from a pharmaceutical company to support the studies. The URL indicates the pharmaceutical company site.com. The nurse is concerned about this information's:
- A. authority.
- B. objectivity.
- C. accuracy.
- D. currency.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: objectivity. The nurse should be concerned about the objectivity of the information due to the potential bias introduced by the funding received from a pharmaceutical company. This could influence the scientist's findings and conclusions to favor the interests of the company, affecting the accuracy of the information. Authority (choice A) refers to the expertise of the author, not the potential bias. Accuracy (choice C) is impacted by objectivity and the potential conflict of interest. Currency (choice D) relates to how up-to-date the information is, which is not the main concern in this scenario.
During height and weight assessments at a school's health fair, a child admits to drinking a cup of coffee with his mother every morning, and another child reports enjoying a morning cup of coffee on the commute to school. These two children are both below average on the height chart, and the nurse states, "Drinking coffee stunts a child's growth." This logical fallacy is referred to as:
- A. appeal to common practice.
- B. confusing cause and effect.
- C. ad hominem abusive.
- D. red herring.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: confusing cause and effect. The nurse's statement implies that drinking coffee causes the children to be below average in height, which is a logical fallacy. Height is determined by genetics, nutrition, and overall health factors, not by drinking coffee. The nurse is mistakenly attributing the children's height to their coffee consumption without considering other relevant factors. This error in reasoning is known as confusing cause and effect.
A: Appeal to common practice is when an argument is justified based on the fact that many people do it, which is not relevant to the coffee consumption issue.
C: Ad hominem abusive is attacking the person making the argument rather than addressing the argument itself, which is not the case here.
D: Red herring is when irrelevant information is used to distract from the main issue, which is not the case in this scenario.
A nurse is assisting with the delivery of twins. The first infant is placed on the scale to be weighed. The physician requests an instrument stat. The nurse turns to hand the instrument to the physician, and the infant falls off the scale. When evaluating the incident, the nurse and her manager list contributory factors such as the need for two nurses when multiple births are known, and the location of the scale so far from the delivery field. These nurses are performing a(n):
- A. standardization of care.
- B. root cause analysis.
- C. process variation.
- D. analysis of a deployment flowchart.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: root cause analysis. Root cause analysis involves identifying the underlying causes of an incident to prevent its recurrence. In this scenario, the nurse and manager are examining factors contributing to the infant falling off the scale. They are looking beyond the immediate event to understand the systemic issues that led to the incident, such as the need for additional staff during multiple births and the placement of the scale far from the delivery field. By conducting a root cause analysis, they aim to address these underlying issues and prevent similar incidents in the future.
A: Standardization of care refers to consistent application of best practices, which is not the focus of the nurse and manager's actions in this situation.
C: Process variation involves analyzing inconsistencies in processes, which is not the primary concern in this incident.
D: Analysis of a deployment flowchart examines the flow of resources in a process, which is not directly related to identifying the root causes of the incident.