Community Health HESI Questions

Community Health HESI Questions Related

Review Community Health HESI Questions related questions and content

The nurse administers a booster dose of DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis) vaccine to an infant. Which level of prevention is the nurse implementing?

  • A. Primary prevention.
  • B. Tertiary prevention.
  • C. Secondary prevention.
  • D. Primary nursing.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Primary prevention. Administering a booster dose of DTaP vaccine to an infant is an example of primary prevention. Primary prevention aims to prevent disease or injury before it occurs by preventing exposure to risk factors. Tertiary prevention focuses on reducing the impact of a disease or injury that has already occurred, while secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment to prevent the progression of disease. Choice B, tertiary prevention, is incorrect as it deals with managing the consequences of a disease rather than preventing it. Choice C, secondary prevention, is also incorrect as it focuses on early detection and treatment rather than vaccination to prevent the disease. Choice D, primary nursing, is unrelated to the level of prevention being implemented in this scenario.

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A client is admitted for COPD. Which finding would require the nurse's immediate attention?

  • A. Nausea and vomiting
  • B. Restlessness and confusion
  • C. Low-grade fever and cough
  • D. Irritating cough and liquefied sputum
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Restlessness and confusion are signs of hypoxia and hypercapnia in a client with COPD, indicating that the client's condition may be deteriorating rapidly. Immediate attention is necessary to prevent further complications. Nausea and vomiting (Choice A) may be related to various factors but do not directly indicate respiratory distress. Low-grade fever and cough (Choice C) are common in COPD and may not require immediate intervention. Irritating cough and liquefied sputum (Choice D) are typical symptoms of COPD exacerbation but do not signal an immediate need for attention as restlessness and confusion.

What refers to a systematic approach of obtaining, organizing, and analyzing numerical facts so that conclusions may be drawn from them?

  • A. Vital statistics
  • B. Statistics
  • C. Morbidity
  • D. Mortality
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Statistics'. Statistics is the systematic approach of obtaining, organizing, and analyzing numerical facts to draw conclusions. Vital statistics, morbidity, and mortality are more specific terms within the field of statistics. Vital statistics focus on births, deaths, marriages, and divorces. Morbidity refers to the incidence of illness or disease in a population. Mortality specifically deals with deaths in a population. Hence, B is the most comprehensive and fitting choice for the definition provided.

Diabetes has become a major health problem. How can healthcare professionals contribute to reducing the incidence of diabetes?

  • A. Conducting extensive diabetes patient screenings
  • B. Supporting the implementation of Republic Act 8191-National Diabetes Act
  • C. Creating support groups for diabetes patients
  • D. Raising community awareness about diabetes prevention
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Raising community awareness about diabetes prevention is an effective way to reduce the incidence of diabetes. By educating the public about healthy lifestyle choices, risk factors, and preventive measures, healthcare professionals can empower individuals to make informed decisions regarding their health. Choice A is not as proactive as raising awareness in the community. While screening is important, prevention through awareness can have a broader impact. Choice B is specific to a particular act and may not apply universally. Choice C, establishing support groups, is beneficial for those already affected by diabetes but may not directly reduce the incidence of the disease.

A client is suspected of being poisoned and presents with symmetric, descending flaccid paralysis, blurred vision, double vision, and dry mouth. The nurse should consider these findings consistent with which potential bioterrorism agent?

  • A. ricin
  • B. botulism toxin
  • C. sulfur mustard
  • D. yersinia pestis
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: botulism toxin. Botulism toxin is associated with symmetric, descending flaccid paralysis, blurred vision, double vision, and dry mouth, which are consistent with the client's presentation. Ricin (Choice A) typically presents with gastrointestinal symptoms. Sulfur mustard (Choice C) is a blistering agent causing skin, eye, and respiratory issues. Yersinia pestis (Choice D) is associated with the bubonic plague, presenting with fever, malaise, and buboes.

A client tells the nurse he is fearful of planned surgery because of evil thoughts about a family member. What is the best initial response by the nurse?

  • A. Call a chaplain
  • B. Deny the feelings
  • C. Cite recovery statistics
  • D. Listen to the client
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is to listen to the client. Listening allows the nurse to establish therapeutic communication, understand the client's fears and concerns, provide emotional support, and help alleviate anxiety. Calling a chaplain (Choice A) may be appropriate if the client requests spiritual support but should not be the initial response. Denying the feelings (Choice B) is dismissive and can hinder trust and communication. Citing recovery statistics (Choice C) is irrelevant and does not address the client's immediate emotional needs.

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