Nokea
The nurse admits a 2 year-old child who has had a seizure. Which of the following statement by the child's parent would be important in determining the etiology of the seizure?
- A. He has been taking long naps for a week.'
- B. He has had an ear infection for the past 2 days.'
- C. He has been eating more red meat lately.'
- D. He seems to be going to the bathroom more frequently.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: He has had an ear infection for the past 2 days.' Contributing factors to seizures in children include those such as age (more common in first 2 years), infections (late infancy and early childhood), fatigue, not eating properly and excessive fluid intake or fluid retention.
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While admitting a client to an acute-care psychiatric unit, the nurse asks about substance abuse based on knowledge that:
- A. psychiatric illness is more prevalent in addicted populations.
- B. people with psychiatric disorders are more prone to substance abuse.
- C. substance disorders are easily detected and diagnosed in acute-care psychiatric settings.
- D. undetected substance problems have no real effect on treatment of psychiatric disorders.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The failure to address substance abuse among clients with psychiatric disorders interferes with treatment effectiveness and contributes to relapse. Misdiagnosis of a psychiatric disorder, suboptimal pharmacological treatment, neglect of appropriate interventions, or an inappropriate referral might also occur.
The nurse is assessing a client in the emergency room. Which statement suggests that the problem is acute angina?
- A. My pain is deep in my chest behind my breast bone.
- B. When I sit up the pain gets worse.
- C. As I take a deep breath the pain gets worse.
- D. The pain is right here in my stomach area.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: My pain is deep in my chest behind my breast bone. This describes the typical substernal pain of acute angina.
A client with a history of degenerative arthritis is being discharged home following exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. After reviewing the discharge medications, the nurse should reinforce which of the following topics with the client? Select all that apply.
- A. Dryness of the mouth and throat may occur
- B. Ringing in the ears is an expected, transient side effect
- C. The albuterol canister should not be shaken before use
- D. The health care provider should be notified if stools are black and tarry
- E. Tiotropium capsules should not be swallowed
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Dry mouth (A) is a side effect of COPD medications, black stools (D) may indicate GI bleeding, and tiotropium capsules are inhaled, not swallowed (E). Ringing in ears (B) is not expected, and albuterol should be shaken (C).
The nurse is caring for a client with increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which statement by the unlicensed assistive personnel would require immediate intervention by the nurse?
- A. I will raise the head of the bed so it is easier to see the television.
- B. I will turn down the lights when I leave.
- C. Let me move your belongings closer so you can reach them
- D. You should do deep breathing and coughing exercises.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Raising the head of the bed (A) without medical guidance can alter ICP dangerously. Dimming lights (B), moving belongings (C), and breathing exercises (D) are generally safe or neutral.
The nurse is talking with a client who has a new prescription for misoprostol to prevent gastric ulcers. Which of the following statements by the client would require follow-up?
- A. I will take this medication with meals and at bedtime.
- B. I plan to use a reliable form of birth control while taking this medication.
- C. I can take this medication with an antacid to prevent an upset stomach.
- D. I should notify my health care provider if I develop black, tarry stools while taking this medication.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Taking misoprostol with antacids (C) reduces its efficacy and requires follow-up. Taking with meals (A), using contraception (B), and reporting black stools (D) are correct.