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The nurse cares for a client with hypertension, and a nurse–client contract is developed outlining the activities and responsibilities of each. Which would be appropriate to include in this contract? (Select all that apply)
- A. The outcomes should be realistic and measurable.
- B. Progress should be reviewed at regular intervals.
- C. The contract should be written and signed.
- D. The nurse should keep the information confidential.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The outcomes should be realistic and measurable. This is appropriate to include in the nurse-client contract because setting realistic and measurable outcomes helps in monitoring progress and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions in managing hypertension. It allows for clear communication between the nurse and the client regarding the goals of treatment.
Incorrect choices:
B: Progress should be reviewed at regular intervals - While this is important in the management of hypertension, it is a process rather than a specific component of a contract.
C: The contract should be written and signed - This is important for legal purposes but not specifically related to setting goals and outcomes.
D: The nurse should keep the information confidential - This is a standard ethical practice but not a specific component of a contract outlining activities and responsibilities.
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The author describes the patient journey as driving down a country road and somehow getting lost. At that moment and time, all that is needed is clear directions about how to get to your destination, not about types of entertainment in the area. The same is true for patients. Accordingly, a part of each nursing assessment should include:
- A. Patient's need for information and level of understanding
- B. Detailed overview of disease process
- C. Specific examples from other patients with same disease
- D. Nurse's feelings about newest treatment modality
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Understanding the patient's need for information and level of understanding is crucial to providing appropriate care.
Step 2: Clear directions are necessary to guide patients, just like clear information is needed to guide their healthcare decisions.
Step 3: Assessing the patient's need for information helps tailor education to their level of understanding.
Step 4: This choice directly aligns with the analogy of providing clear directions for patients on their healthcare journey.
Summary: Choice A is correct as it emphasizes the importance of assessing the patient's need for information and understanding, which is essential for guiding them effectively. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly address the patient's need for information and understanding in the analogy provided.
The nursing student tearfully reports to the leader, "I took some flowers into Mr. N's (non- Hodgkin lymphoma) room to cheer him up, and he told me that he didn't think he was supposed to have flowers. I took them out of the room right away, and then I realized I had made a mistake." What should the team leader do first?
- A. Direct the student to read the isolation precautions before entering the room.
- B. Call the nursing instructor and report the student for making an error.
- C. Acknowledge and praise the student for taking responsibility for the mistake.
- D. Write an incident report and have the student and instructor sign it.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it is important to acknowledge and praise the student for taking responsibility for the mistake. By doing this, the team leader can encourage a culture of accountability and learning from errors. This approach supports the student's professional growth and self-awareness.
Option A is incorrect because the immediate focus should be on addressing the emotional response of the student and providing support rather than assigning blame. Option B is inappropriate as it could undermine the student's confidence and discourage future initiative. Option D is premature as it prioritizes paperwork over supporting the student's learning and emotional well-being.
The nurse provides care for a male patient. When the nurse addresses the patient, which would be most appropriate?
- A. Use both first and last name with each encounter.
- B. Ask the patient how he prefers to be addressed.
- C. Call the patient by his first name.
- D. Address the patient by his last name.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ask the patient how he prefers to be addressed. This approach respects the patient's autonomy and personal preferences, promoting patient-centered care. By asking the patient directly, the nurse acknowledges the patient's individuality and ensures respectful communication.
A: Using both first and last name with each encounter may come across as too formal or impersonal for some patients, potentially creating a barrier in the nurse-patient relationship.
C: Calling the patient by his first name without consent may be perceived as too familiar or disrespectful by some patients, leading to discomfort or a lack of trust in the nurse.
D: Addressing the patient by his last name may be too formal for some patients and can create a sense of distance or hierarchy in the nurse-patient relationship.
An experienced nurse is supervising a student nurse in an acute care setting. Which statement, if made by the experienced nurse, would be most appropriate to help the student nurse establish credibility with other nurses on the unit?
- A. "It is impossible to be credible when you are a student because you lack experience.=
- B. "Try to hide your feelings of inadequacy and portray a sense of confidence.=
- C. "Be honest with the nurses about your strengths and about areas that need improvement.=
- D. "It would help if you bring special treats for the nurses so that they will like you.=
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Be honest with the nurses about your strengths and about areas that need improvement." This statement promotes transparency, self-awareness, and humility, which are important traits in gaining credibility. Being honest about strengths shows confidence, while acknowledging areas for improvement demonstrates a willingness to learn and grow. This approach fosters trust and respect among colleagues.
Choice A is incorrect as it undermines the student nurse's potential for credibility based on experience. Choice B suggests masking feelings of inadequacy, which can lead to inauthentic interactions. Choice D is inappropriate as it implies trying to buy favor with treats rather than earning credibility through professional conduct.
The nurse is caring for a patient who is concerned about living alone. The best response by the nurse is:
- A. "Where have you considered living?"
- B. "Why don't you live with your family?"
- C. "I think you should live with your family."
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it shows empathy by asking for the patient's thoughts first, respecting their autonomy. It promotes open communication and understanding of the patient's concerns. Choice B may come off as judgmental or invasive. Choice C imposes the nurse's opinion on the patient, disregarding their feelings. Choice D is incomplete.