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The nurse cares for elderly clients in an assisted living center. Which action by the nurse would best show respect for these clients?
- A. Patronize clients who share ideas or voice concerns.
- B. Identify healthcare needs by listening to the clients.
- C. Address the clients formally by their last names.
- D. Limit the clients' opportunities to express opinions.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because listening to the elderly clients to identify their healthcare needs demonstrates respect by valuing their input and autonomy. This approach fosters a collaborative and client-centered care environment. Choice A is incorrect as patronizing clients undermines their dignity. Choice C may be seen as impersonal and distant. Choice D is disrespectful as it restricts clients' autonomy and diminishes their voice. Listening and considering clients' needs is crucial in providing respectful care to the elderly population.
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Which demonstrates the nurse's genuine concern for clients?
- A. Tell a patient who has a terminal illness that everything will be fine.
- B. Delay notifying the patient about the death of a dependent child.
- C. Provide a placebo to a patient in severe pain to assess for substance abuse.
- D. Inform the patient about a medication error along with symptoms to report.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because informing the patient about a medication error and symptoms to report shows transparency, honesty, and prioritizes patient safety. This action also promotes trust in the nurse-patient relationship.
A: Choice A is incorrect because falsely reassuring a terminally ill patient does not demonstrate genuine concern and lacks honesty.
B: Choice B is incorrect because delaying important information about the death of a dependent child is unethical and can cause unnecessary distress to the patient.
C: Choice C is incorrect because providing a placebo without informed consent violates ethical principles and does not prioritize the patient's well-being.
The nurse plans to delegate a client's personal hygiene to a nursing assistant. Which statement if made by the nurse to the nursing assistant is assertive?
- A. "Would you mind helping the client with a bath when you have time? If not, I will skip my lunch and do it myself."
- B. "You never get your work done and are always on the phone. You need to help the client right now with a bath, or I will write you up."
- C. "The client needs help with bathing. I want you to assist the client now, and you can go to lunch when you are finished."
- D. "I have important work to complete this morning. You will assist the client with a bath. Do not take a break until you have finished."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
1. The statement in choice C is assertive because it clearly states the task, timeline, and expectation without being aggressive or demeaning.
2. It communicates the need for assistance with the client's bath and sets a clear priority.
3. It provides a specific instruction for the nursing assistant to assist the client immediately and then take a break.
4. This approach demonstrates effective delegation and ensures the client's needs are met promptly and respectfully.
Summary:
A: This choice is not assertive as it presents a conditional statement and implies a personal sacrifice by the nurse if the task is not completed.
B: This choice is aggressive and threatening, which is not appropriate in a professional setting.
D: This choice is directive but lacks consideration for the nursing assistant's well-being and does not communicate the urgency of the task for the client.
A client has high blood pressure and needs to learn about a low-sodium diet. Which question if asked by the client would be an indirect request for information?
- A. "How should I prepare food without adding salt?=
- B. "What will I do to make food taste better?=
- C. "What diet changes are needed to control my blood pressure?=
- D. "What foods should I avoid that are high in sodium?=
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the client is indirectly asking for information on how to make food taste better without explicitly mentioning the need for low-sodium options. By inquiring about making food taste better, the client is seeking alternative ways to enhance flavor without salt, which aligns with the goal of following a low-sodium diet. Choices A, C, and D are more direct in addressing specific aspects of a low-sodium diet, such as food preparation without salt, dietary changes for blood pressure control, and identifying high-sodium foods to avoid, respectively.
The nurse makes a home visit to a client with chronic kidney disease. The client asks the nurse to make the decision about whether or not to start dialysis. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. Encourage the client to appoint a durable power of attorney.
- B. Invite the client to make a decision after reviewing options.
- C. Direct the client to have the physician make a decision.
- D. Have the client visit with an individual receiving dialysis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: The nurse should respect the client's autonomy and involve them in decision-making.
Step 2: By inviting the client to make a decision after reviewing options, the nurse promotes client-centered care.
Step 3: This approach empowers the client to participate actively in their healthcare decisions.
Step 4: It aligns with ethical principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence.
Summary:
Choice B is correct as it respects the client's autonomy and promotes shared decision-making. Choice A is not appropriate as it bypasses the client's involvement. Choice C is not ideal as the client should be actively involved. Choice D may provide information but doesn't involve the client in decision-making.
The nurse is providing care to a patient who was admitted with heart failure. The patient has not been following the prescribed diet or taking the prescribed medications. Which type of communication approach is most important for the nurse to use with this patient to facilitate a change in self-care behavior?
- A. Authoritative, honest, and outright communication
- B. Assertive, responsible, and caring communication
- C. Aggressive, sympathetic, and realistic communication
- D. Positive, expert, and focused communication
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assertive, responsible, and caring communication.
Rationale:
1. Assertive communication is important to clearly express expectations and boundaries.
2. Being responsible conveys accountability and encourages the patient to take ownership of their care.
3. Caring communication fosters trust and empathy, crucial for building a therapeutic relationship.
Summary:
A: Authoritative communication may come across as controlling and may not promote patient cooperation.
C: Aggressive communication can be intimidating and may lead to resistance rather than cooperation.
D: Positive communication is beneficial, but being an expert alone may not address the patient's underlying issues or barriers to self-care.