Nokea
The nurse caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome is alert to which classic symptoms of this disorder? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Proteinuria
- B. Grossly bloody urine
- C. Hyperalbuminemia
- D. Fatigue
- E. Generalized edema
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by proteinuria, grossly bloody urine, fatigue, and generalized edema, but hypoalbuminemia, not hyperalbuminemia.
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A 6-year-old child with daytime enuresis complains of dysuria and urgency. What does the nurse recognize these signs and symptoms indicate?
- A. Urinary tract infection
- B. Nephrotic syndrome
- C. Acute glomerulonephritis
- D. Vesicoureteral reflux
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Urinary frequency and pain during micturition are symptoms of acute urinary tract infection.
A 5-year-old boy is admitted to the hospital with acute glomerulonephritis. In taking the child's history, what does the nurse recognize as the probable cause?
- A. Recovery from German measles 2 months ago
- B. Dysuria since the previous night
- C. A history of allergy
- D. A sore throat 2 weeks ago
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acute glomerulonephritis develops from 1 to 3 weeks after a streptococcal infection.
The nurse is explaining to a 17-year-old female the actions to prevent urinary tract infection. Which is the best beverage for the nurse to recommend to keep urine acidic?
- A. Milk
- B. Grape juice
- C. Apple juice
- D. Orange juice
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Juices such as apple or cranberry help maintain acidity of urine.
A 7-year-old child has a BUN of 25 mg/dL. What is the nurse aware this lab value might indicate? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Dehydration
- B. Renal disease
- C. Need for steroid therapy
- D. Diabetes
- E. Pituitary malfunction
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Increased BUN can indicate dehydration, renal disease, and/or need for steroid therapy.
The parents of a newborn are concerned that their son's scrotum is enlarged and swollen on one side. What is the nurse's best response?
- A. It is very common in the newborn that one gonad is larger than the other.'
- B. Birth trauma caused bruising to the scrotum. It will reduce in size in a few days.'
- C. It is a collection of fluid that will most likely correct itself in a year.'
- D. The doctor will drain this collection of blood before your baby is discharged.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: These signs are indicative of a hydrocele, a collection of fluid in the scrotum that usually corrects itself in a year.