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The nurse discusses with the parents how best to raise the IQ of their child with Down syndrome. Which of the following would be most appropriate?
- A. Serving hearty, nutritious meals.
- B. Giving vasodilator medications as prescribed.
- C. Letting the child play with more able children.
- D. Providing stimulating, nonthreatening life experiences.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stimulating, nonthreatening experiences promote cognitive development by encouraging exploration and learning within the child's capabilities.
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The parents of a child tell the nurse that they feel guilty because their child almost drowned. Which of the following remarks by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. I can understand why you feel guilty, but these things happen.'
- B. Tell me a little bit more about your feelings of guilt.'
- C. You should not have taken your eyes off of your child.'
- D. You really shouldn't feel guilty; you're lucky because your child will be all right.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging parents to express their feelings facilitates therapeutic communication and supports emotional processing.
The nurse is caring for a 2-year-old with iron deficiency anemia. Which laboratory finding would the nurse expect to see?
- A. Elevated hemoglobin levels.
- B. Decreased mean corpuscular volume (MCV).
- C. Increased serum ferritin levels.
- D. Elevated white blood cell count.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Iron deficiency anemia typically shows decreased MCV, indicating microcytic red blood cells, due to reduced iron availability for hemoglobin synthesis.
The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old boy who is taking prednisolone for nephrotic syndrome. The child is at the 75th percentile for height and has a blood pressure of 114/73. The nurse compares the reading to the below blood pressure levels for boys age and height percentiles. The nurse determines that the blood pressure represents a change and notifies the primary care provider of the assessment of:
- A. Hypotension.
- B. Prehypertension.
- C. Hypertension.
- D. Hypertension stage II.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: BP indicates hypertension.
The nurse should instruct the family of a child with newly diagnosed hyperthyroidism to:
- A. Keep their home warmer than usual.
- B. Encourage twenty or outdoor activities.
- C. Promote interactions with one friend instead of groups.
- D. Limit bathing to prevent skin irritation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperthyroidism causes irritability and hyperactivity, so limiting social interactions to one friend reduces overstimulation. Warmer homes, excessive activity, and limited bathing are inappropriate.
An infant is to be discharged after surgery for intussusception. In developing the discharge teaching plan, the nurse should tell the mother?
- A. The infant will experience a change in the normal home routine.
- B. The infant can return to the prehospital routine immediately.
- C. The infant needs to ingest more calories at home than normal.
- D. The infant will continue to experience abdominal cramping for a few days.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: After successful surgery, the infant can typically resume normal routines unless complications arise.