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The nurse establishes a nursing problem of 'Fatigue related to inability to rest comfortably secondary to rheumatoid arthritis.' Which nursing intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care for this client?
- A. Assist the client with learning how to set priorities and pace activities.
- B. Instruct the client about the importance of maintaining bedrest.
- C. Consult the discharge planner about transferring the client to an assisted living center.
- D. Offer assurance that the fatigue inducing stage of the disease does not last.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pacing activities balances exertion and rest, reducing fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis, unlike bedrest, relocation, or reassurance.
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A client who is obese reports severe pain and is unable to bear weight in the right ankle after making dietary changes 3 weeks ago for weight loss. The client's medical history indudes hypertension, gouty arthritis, and cholecystitis. Which instruction should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
- A. Decrease consumption of red meat and most seafood.
- B. Replace dietary table salt with salt substitutes.
- C. Limit use of mobility equipment to avoid muscle atrophy.
- D. Wrap joints with elastic bandage when swollen.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Reducing purine-rich foods like red meat and seafood lowers uric acid levels, helping manage gouty arthritis, which likely causes the ankle pain.
A client is admitted with heart failure (HF) and left ventricular hypertrophy. Which intervention is most likely to avert development of cardiomegaly and improve myocardial contractility?
- A. Teach about compliance to reduce blood pressure.
- B. Provide rest periods and portable oxygen.
- C. Maintain continuous monitoring of heart rate and rhythm.
- D. Administer nitroglycerin daily.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Reducing blood pressure decreases cardiac workload, preventing cardiomegaly and improving contractility.
An older adult client arrives at the outpatient eye surgery clinic for a right cataract extraction and lens implant. During the immediate postoperative period, which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Encourage deep breathing and coughing exercises.
- B. Teach a family member to administer eye drops.
- C. Provide an eye shield to be worn while sleeping
- D. Obtain vital signs every 2 hours during hospitalization.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An eye shield is crucial to protect the operated eye from accidental injury during sleep, preventing rubbing and potential complications. Deep breathing and coughing can increase intraocular pressure, teaching medication administration is not an immediate priority, and frequent vital sign monitoring is excessive for cataract surgery.
While assessing a client following lithotripsy with stent insertion, which data indicates to the nurse that the procedure was successful?
- A. Stone fragments are collected when straining the client's urine.
- B. Client denies urinary frequency, urgency, or dysuria.
- C. Urine is pale pink with no observable blood clots.
- D. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels are within normal limits.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Collecting stone fragments directly confirms the success of lithotripsy in breaking down the stone, unlike symptom relief or lab values.
The nurse observes a client who begins to exhibit continuous jerking movements, is unable to speak, and is incontinent of urine during the event. Which action is most important for the nurse to take?
- A. Place protective padding between the client and bed rails.
- B. Provide privacy for the client during the event.
- C. Observe the client's behavior during the event.
- D. Record the client's level of consciousness after the event.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Padding prevents injury during a seizure, prioritizing client safety over privacy or observation.