Nokea
The nurse explains that the treatment of hemophilia has been revolutionized with the advent of the use of which medical intervention?
- A. corticosteroids.
- B. large doses of testosterone.
- C. Prophylactic use of factors VIII and IX.
- D. transfusion with packed red cells.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Recombinant factor VIII and recombinant factor IX have been major forward steps in the treatment of hemophilia.
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When reinforcing instructions for the patient taking an oral liquid iron preparation, which should the nurse include?
- A. Information relative to taking the iron with milk
- B. Information relative to the bowel movement color changing to dark red
- C. Information relative to taking preparation through a straw to prevent staining of teeth
- D. Information relative to taking a drug with meals or a snack
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Liquid iron preparations should be drunk through a straw to prevent tooth staining. All oral iron preparations should be taken before meals. Dairy products interfere with the absorption of iron.
Which would the nurse explain as a type of leukemia that affects noticeably more children and teens than adults?
- A. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
- B. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
- C. Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
- D. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The majority of cases of ALL are children under the age of 5 years.
The Reed-Sternberg cell is the hallmark diagnostic indicator for disease.
Correct Answer: Hodgkin
Rationale: The Reed-Sternberg cell, large abnormal multinucleated cells in the lymph nodes, is diagnostic of Hodgkin disease.
In caring for a patient with multiple myeloma, which should the nurse prioritize from the plan of care?
- A. Limit fluid intake to less than 1000 mL/day
- B. Closely supervise and assist when ambulating
- C. Strain all urine for kidney crystals
- D. Limit the use of an analgesic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Because of the constant threat of pathologic fractures, ambulation should be carefully supervised and assisted. Fluids are not restricted. Uric acid is increased and may crystalize in the kidney, but straining is not necessary. Analgesia is necessary for relief of bone pain.
Which is the first step in the process of hemostasis?
- A. Prothrombin converts to thrombin
- B. Formation of thrombin
- C. Formation of fibrin
- D. Trapping of RBC and platelets
- E. Clot
- F. Release of thromboplastin from platelets
Correct Answer: F
Rationale: Thromboplastin is released from the platelets, which acts with calcium to form thrombin; fibrin is formed, which traps red cells and platelets to make the clot.