Nokea
The nurse explains the Drug Enforcement Agencys (DEAs) schedule of controlled substances to the nursing assistant who asks, Do you ever get a prescription for Schedule I medications? What is the nurses best response?
- A. Schedule I medications have no medical use so they are not prescribed.
- B. Schedule I medications have the lowest risk for abuse and do not require a prescription.
- C. Schedule I medications are only prescribed in monitored units for patient safety.
- D. Schedule I medications are found in antitussives and antidiarrheals sold over the counter.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Schedule I medications have no medical use and are never prescribed. Schedule V medications have the lowest risk for abuse and are found mostly in antitussives and antidiarrheals but they are not sold over the counter.
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Monitoring for a child on methylphenidate for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) includes:
- A. ADHD symptoms
- B. Routine height and weight checks
- C. Amount of methylphenidate being used
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All are monitored: symptom control, growth effects, and medication use.
In response to the patient's question about how to know whether drugs are safe, the nurse explains that all medications undergo rigorous scientific testing controlled by what organization?
- A. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
- B. Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA)
- C. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
- D. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The FDA is responsible for controlling and regulating the development and sale of drugs in the United States, allowing new drugs to enter the market only after being subjected to rigorous scientific testing. The DEA regulates and controls the use of controlled substances. The CDC monitors and responds to infectious diseases. The JCAHO is an accrediting body that inspects acute care facilities to ensure minimum standards are met.
Information technology can also be used for patient teaching during the encounter and after it. The provider can help patients and their families become savvy consumers of health-care information by:
- A. Warning them about the questionable quality of health information online
- B. Identifying easily used 'apps' that patients can use to manage their medications
- C. Teaching them how to identify high-quality Web sites and 'red flags' signaling inaccurate content
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All these strategies help patients navigate health information effectively.
The patient is taking a drug that affects the body by increasing cellular activity. Where does this drug work on the cell?
- A. Receptor sites
- B. Cell membrane
- C. Golgi body
- D. Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Many drugs are thought to act at specific areas on cell membranes called receptor sites. After the receptor site is activated, this in turn activates the enzyme systems to produce certain effects, such as increased or decreased cellular activity, changes in cell membrane permeability, or alterations in cellular metabolism. Receptor sites are generally located on the outside of cells and allow the drug to bypass the cell membrane. The Golgi body and endoplasmic reticulum are not involved in this process.
A patient on furosemide is at risk for which electrolyte imbalance?
- A. Hyperkalemia
- B. Hypernatremia
- C. Hypokalemia
- D. Hypomagnesemia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, increases potassium excretion, leading to hypokalemia as a common electrolyte imbalance.