Nokea
The nurse explains to a patient who has had a hip replacement that warfarin is prescribed for which reason?
- A. increase the red blood cells.
- B. reduce the threat of hemorrhage.
- C. prevent formation of emboli.
- D. help stabilize the prosthesis.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Warfarin is a standard postsurgical drug to prevent the formation of emboli. Warfarin does not increase red blood cells. The risk of hemorrhage is higher when an anticoagulant is taken. Warfarin does not help stabilize the prosthesis.
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Which patient is most likely to develop osteoporosis?
- A. 43-year-old African American woman
- B. 57-year-old white woman
- C. 48-year-old African American man
- D. 62-year-old Latino woman
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: White women have a higher incidence of osteoporosis than Asian women, followed by African American women and Hispanic women.
Which instructions should the nurse reinforce in a teaching plan for a person with gouty arthritis?
- A. Avoid excessive alcohol.
- B. Maintain rest and immobility while disease is symptomatic.
- C. Check urine and urine output for possible kidney stones.
- D. Include food high in purine in the diet.
- E. Use bed cradle to support linens.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: The person with gout should avoid alcohol and food with high purine content, maintain rest and immobility while symptomatic, and check urine and urine output for possible kidney stones. A bed cradle keeps the linens off the patient's feet to promote comfort.
Which foods should the home health nurse suggest for the patient with osteoporosis to help slow the disease?
- A. Leafy green vegetables
- B. Foods high in sodium
- C. Tea and coffee
- D. Vitamin A
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To slow the bone loss, a patient with osteoporosis should eat green leafy vegetables, such as spinach and turnip greens, foods low in sodium, and avoid caffeine. Vitamin D helps with the absorption of calcium and stimulates bone formation.
What is the movement of an extremity away from the midline of the body called?
- A. Abduction
- B. Adduction
- C. Flexion
- D. Extension
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Abduction is movement of an extremity away from the midline of the body.
Calcium is a mineral found in many foods that can slow bone loss during the aging process. Which food is high in calcium?
- A. Oranges
- B. Bananas
- C. Spinach
- D. Eggs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spinach and green vegetables, as well as yogurt, are considered calcium-rich foods. Fresh oranges, bananas, and eggs are not good calcium choices.