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The nurse greets a patient who is admitted to the hospital. Which action by the nurse displays warmth and concern?
- A. Use a soft and relaxed tone of voice when speaking.
- B. Maintain a distance of 6 to 8 feet from the patient.
- C. Avoid attentive behaviors when interacting with the patient.
- D. Engage in a verbal exchange without physical contact.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because using a soft and relaxed tone of voice conveys warmth and concern, making the patient feel welcomed and cared for. It helps build rapport and comfort. Maintaining a distance of 6 to 8 feet (B) may create a sense of coldness and detachment. Avoiding attentive behaviors (C) will make the patient feel neglected and uncared for. Engaging in verbal exchange without physical contact (D) lacks the personal touch needed to show warmth and concern.
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A nurse preceptor is assigned to help several graduate nurses assess their ability to convey warmth to patients. Which activity, if selected by the nurse preceptor, is best?
- A. Set up sessions for the graduate nurses to practice various nonverbal gestures.
- B. Ask the graduate nurses to record the behaviors of experienced nurses on the unit.
- C. Provide the graduate nurses with a list of nonverbal behaviors that convey warmth.
- D. Have the graduate nurses evaluate each other during simulated patient interviews.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because setting up sessions for the graduate nurses to practice various nonverbal gestures allows for active skill development. By practicing these gestures, they can receive immediate feedback from the preceptor and improve their ability to convey warmth effectively.
Choice B is incorrect because simply observing behaviors of experienced nurses may not actively engage the graduate nurses in practicing and developing their own skills.
Choice C is incorrect because providing a list of nonverbal behaviors may not be as effective as hands-on practice in improving the graduate nurses' ability to convey warmth.
Choice D is incorrect because having the graduate nurses evaluate each other during simulated interviews may not provide structured guidance and feedback from the preceptor to help them improve their nonverbal communication skills effectively.
The nurse is reviewing Mr. N's (non-Hodgkin lymphoma) medication administration record and sees that the combination therapy aprepitant, dexamethasone, and ondansetron was administered during the last shift. What is the nurse most likely to ask to determine efficacy of the therapy?
- A. "On a scale of 1 to 10, with 1 being the least and 10 being the worst, what number is your pain? Where is the pain located?"
- B. "Have the medications improved your appetite? Are there special foods that you would prefer?"
- C. "Are you having any feelings of nausea right now? When was the last time you vomited?"
- D. "After taking the medications, have you experienced any improvement in your energy level? Do you feel fatigued?"
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The nurse would ask about feelings of nausea and vomiting to determine the efficacy of the antiemetic therapy. Nausea and vomiting are common side effects of chemotherapy, which Mr. N would receive for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Improvement in these symptoms indicates the effectiveness of the antiemetic regimen. Choices A, B, and D are not directly related to the medications administered and would not provide valuable information on the efficacy of the therapy for managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Option A focuses on pain assessment, B on appetite and food preferences, and D on energy levels and fatigue, which are not the primary outcomes to evaluate in this context.
The nurse cares for a female patient who is trying to gain understanding of her life and her diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer. Which approach by the nurse would best meet this patient's needs?
- A. Suggest the patient join a breast cancer support group.
- B. Provide the patient with reading material on death and dying.
- C. Contact the patient's spiritual leader to request daily visits.
- D. Listen to the patient's stories about her past experiences.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because actively listening to the patient's stories about her past experiences allows for emotional expression, validation, and building trust. It promotes therapeutic communication and helps the patient gain understanding and cope with her diagnosis. Choice A focuses on group support, which may not address the patient's individual needs. Choice B is not appropriate as it may induce unnecessary fear. Choice C assumes the patient has specific spiritual beliefs and may not be welcomed.
A Hispanic patient approaches the Asian nurse and, standing very close, touches the nurse's shoulder during their conversation. The nurse begins to step back to 18 to 24 inches, while smiling and nodding to the patient. This situation is most likely an example of:
- A. the nurse's need to maintain a professional role rather than a social role.
- B. a patient's attempt to keep the nurse's attention.
- C. a nurse's need to establish a more appropriate location for conversation.
- D. a difference in culturally learned personal space of the nurse and the patient.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: a difference in culturally learned personal space of the nurse and the patient. This is because different cultures have varying norms regarding personal space. In this scenario, the Hispanic patient touching the Asian nurse's shoulder and standing very close suggests a cultural difference in personal space expectations. The nurse stepping back to establish a distance of 18 to 24 inches is a respectful response to accommodate the patient's cultural norm. It demonstrates cultural competence and understanding.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
A: the nurse's need to maintain a professional role rather than a social role - This choice does not address the cultural aspect of personal space and assumes the nurse's response is solely professional.
B: a patient's attempt to keep the nurse's attention - This choice does not consider the cultural factor influencing the patient's behavior.
C: a nurse's need to establish a more appropriate location for conversation - This choice does not acknowledge the cultural difference in personal space as the primary reason for the nurse
The nurse has implemented a plan to improve expression of warmth to other nurses. It is most important for the nurse to include which evaluation method?
- A. Self-monitor interactions with colleagues for feelings of relaxation and caring.
- B. Ask patients for their perception of the interactions that occur among nurses.
- C. Invite a supervisor to evaluate interactions and provide suggestions for improvement.
- D. Seek nominations for an award at the organizational level or from an association.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because self-monitoring interactions with colleagues allows for personal reflection and assessment of warmth expression. This method promotes self-awareness and self-improvement. Asking patients (B) is not relevant for evaluating interactions among nurses. Inviting a supervisor (C) may introduce bias and may not accurately reflect warmth expression. Seeking nominations for an award (D) focuses on recognition rather than genuine improvement. Therefore, A is the most suitable method for evaluating the nurse's plan.