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The nurse has access to the results of a karyotype sent out for their patient via an electronic medical record. The parents have accessed the results on their MyChart phone application and have asked the nurse what the results 45, X mean. What is the best response from the nurse?
- A. The results indicate your child may have Turner syndrome.
- B. Your results are 45, X; you will have to wait to talk with the geneticist.
- C. Your results indicate that your daughter has a serious lifelong disease.
- D. I’m not sure; I’ll call the provider.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Karyotype 45, X indicates Turner syndrome, a condition affecting females.
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A mother worries about her infant feeling pain during a heel stick for a blood test. What action by the nurse is best?
- A. Encourage breastfeeding during the heel stick.
- B. Ice the infants heel prior to the blood draw.
- C. Massage the infants heel after the needle stick.
- D. Reassure the mother that infants dont feel pain.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Infants feel pain and remember painful procedures. Breastfeeding has been shown to be an effective
Which woman is most likely to continue breastfeeding beyond 6 months?
- A. A woman who avoids using bottles.
- B. A woman who uses formula for every other feeding.
- C. A woman who offers water or formula after breastfeeding.
- D. A woman whose infant is satisfied for 4 hours after the feeding.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because avoiding bottles helps maintain the baby's preference for breastfeeding, leading to a higher likelihood of continuing beyond 6 months. Using formula for every other feeding (choice B) introduces a different feeding method, potentially reducing breastfeeding duration. Offering water or formula after breastfeeding (choice C) can reduce the baby's interest in breastfeeding exclusively. A satisfied baby for 4 hours after feeding (choice D) does not necessarily indicate a longer breastfeeding duration as other factors like feeding frequency play a role.
Which statement is most accurate regarding delivery of a newborn?
- A. Infants delivered via cesarean section are at lower risk of transitional problems.
- B. Vaginal deliveries increase the risk of infants aspirating lung fluid.
- C. Cesarean deliveries do not allow for thoracic squeeze of fluid.
- D. Vaginal deliveries are often avoided in term infants.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Cesarean deliveries do not allow for thoracic squeeze of fluid. During vaginal delivery, the infant's thorax undergoes a squeezing motion which helps to expel the amniotic fluid from the lungs, reducing the risk of respiratory issues. In contrast, infants delivered via cesarean section do not experience this thoracic squeeze, potentially leading to a higher risk of respiratory problems.
A is incorrect because infants delivered via cesarean section may actually have higher risks of transitional problems due to the lack of thoracic squeeze. B is incorrect as vaginal deliveries facilitate the natural process of clearing lung fluid. D is incorrect as vaginal deliveries are the preferred method for term infants when possible, as they provide various benefits for both the mother and the baby.
Blood flow connection between the systemic, aorta, pulmonary blood flow, and pulmonary artery is which fetal shunt?
- A. ductus venosus
- B. foramen ovale
- C. ductus arteriosus
- D. foramen venosus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ductus arteriosus connects the pulmonary artery to the descending aorta, allowing most fetal blood to bypass the lungs.
The nurse is performing the initial assessment of a newborn and notes retractions, nasal flaring, and tachypnea. The nurse will continue to perform a focused assessment on which system?
- A. Respiratory
- B. Cardiovascular
- C. Gastrointestinal
- D. Musculoskeletal
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Respiratory. Retractions, nasal flaring, and tachypnea are signs of respiratory distress in a newborn. The nurse should focus on the respiratory system to assess the baby's breathing, lung sounds, oxygen saturation, and overall respiratory status. This is crucial for identifying any potential respiratory issues and providing prompt interventions.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the symptoms described are specific to respiratory distress and do not indicate cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, or musculoskeletal issues. Focusing on these systems would not address the immediate concern of respiratory distress in the newborn.