Nokea
The nurse has administered aminophylline to a client with emphysema. The medication is effective when there is:
- A. Relief from spasms of the diaphragm.
- B. Relaxation of smooth muscles in the bronchioles.
- C. Efficient pulmonary circulation.
- D. Stimulation of the medullary respiratory center.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aminophylline, a bronchodilator, is effective when it relaxes bronchial smooth muscles, improving airflow in emphysema.
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You are working as a National Board for Certification of Hospice and Palliative Nurses certified hospice and palliative care nurse who is caring for your clients in their home. Which of the following nursing diagnoses or client goal would be the most likely appropriate and expected for the vast majority of these clients?
- A. The client will accept impending death
- B. Guilt related to past transgressions
- C. Spiritual distress related to guilt
- D. Pain related to end of life symptoms
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Accepting impending death is a common and appropriate goal for hospice clients, as it aligns with the focus of palliative care on achieving peace and closure at the end of life.
A client with a history of chronic kidney disease is prescribed darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?
- A. Hypotension.
- B. Hypertension.
- C. Hypoglycemia.
- D. Weight loss.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Darbepoetin alfa can cause hypertension due to increased red blood cell production, requiring monitoring.
The nurse is teaching a client with hypertension about dietary modifications. Which food should the nurse recommend limiting?
- A. Fresh fruits
- B. Lean proteins
- C. Canned soups
- D. Whole grains
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Canned soups are high in sodium, which can exacerbate hypertension. Limiting sodium intake is a key dietary modification for blood pressure control.
During the admission interview, an adult client reveals that, as a child, she was sexually abused by her uncle and a male cousin. She reports that she cuts the skin of her arms, legs, and abdomen. In addition to having the client sign a no-harm contract, which nursing intervention is most important?
- A. Assist the client with finding safe ways to express her anger.
- B. Talk with the client about confronting her uncle and cousin directly.
- C. Defer talking about the abuse to prevent further self-mutilation.
- D. Discuss the possibility of the client suing her relatives for their abuse.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Helping the client find safe ways to express anger addresses the self-harm behavior therapeutically, promoting coping skills and safety.
A client whose condition remains stable after a myocardial infarction gradually increases his activity. Which of the following conditions should the nurse assess to determine whether the activity is appropriate for the client?
- A. External.
- B. Cyanosis.
- C. Dyspnea.
- D. Weight loss.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dyspnea indicates inadequate oxygenation, suggesting the activity level may be too strenuous for the client's cardiac capacity post-myocardial infarction.