Nokea
The nurse has completed instructions regarding diet and fluid restriction for the client diagnosed with chronic kidney disease. The nurse determines that the client understands the information presented if the client selected which dessert from the dietary menu?
- A. Jell-O
- B. Sherbet
- C. Ice cream
- D. Angel food cake
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For fluid-restricted diets in chronic kidney disease, clients should avoid foods liquid at room temperature like Jell-O, sherbet, and ice cream, which count as fluid intake. Angel food cake is a solid dessert, allowing more fluid intake by drinking to alleviate thirst.
You may also like to solve these questions
A client is being discharged from the hospital after a bronchoscopy that was performed a day earlier. After the discharge teaching, the client makes the following statements to the nurse. Which statement should the nurse identify as indicating a need for further teaching?
- A. I will stop smoking my cigarettes.
- B. I can expect to cough up bright red blood.
- C. I will get help immediately if I start having trouble breathing.
- D. I will use the throat lozenges as directed by my doctor until my sore throat goes away.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: After bronchoscopy, expectorated secretions are inspected for hemoptysis, and if the client expectorates bright red blood, the primary health care provider is to be notified. The client needs to avoid smoking. The client should be observed for signs/symptoms of respiratory distress, including dyspnea, changes in respiratory rate, the use of accessory muscles, and changes in or absent lung sounds. A sore throat is common, and lozenges would be helpful to alleviate it.
The nurse provides home care instructions to a client diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome. The nurse determines that the client understands the hospital discharge instructions if the client makes which statement?
- A. I need to eat foods low in potassium.
- B. I need to check the color of my stools.
- C. I need to check the temperature of my legs twice a day.
- D. I need to take aspirin rather than acetaminophen for a headache.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cushing's syndrome results in an increased secretion of cortisol. Cortisol stimulates the secretion of gastric acid, and this can result in the development of peptic ulcers and gastrointestinal bleeding. The client should be encouraged to eat potassium-rich foods to correct the hypokalemia that occurs with this disorder. Cushing's syndrome does not affect temperature changes in the lower extremities. Aspirin can increase the risk for gastric bleeding and skin bruising.
To promote self-care, the nurse is planning to teach a client in skeletal leg traction about measures to increase bed mobility. Which item is most helpful for this client for achievement of this goal?
- A. Fracture bedpan
- B. Overhead trapeze
- C. Isometric exercises
- D. Range-of-motion exercises
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The use of an overhead trapeze is extremely helpful for assisting a client with moving about in bed and getting on and off the bedpan. This device has the greatest value for increasing overall bed mobility. A fracture bedpan is useful for reducing discomfort with elimination. Isometric exercises will not increase bed mobility and could be harmful for a client in skeletal traction. Range-of-motion exercises can also be harmful to a client in skeletal traction and should not be initiated unless there are specific prescriptions to do so.
The nurse teaches a client at risk for coronary artery disease about lifestyle changes needed to reduce his risks. The nurse determines that the client understands these necessary lifestyle changes if the client makes which statements?
- A. I will attempt to stop smoking.
- B. I will be sure to include some exercise such as walking in my daily activities.
- C. I will work at losing some weight so that my weight is at normal range for my age.
- D. I will limit my sodium intake every day and avoid eating high-sodium foods such as hot dogs.
- E. It is acceptable to eat red meat and cheese every day as I have been doing, as long as I cut down on the butter.
- F. I will schedule regular doctor appointments for physical examinations and monitoring my blood pressure.
Correct Answer: B,C,D,F
Rationale: Coronary artery disease affects the arteries that provide blood, oxygen, and nutrients to the myocardium. Modifiable risk factors include elevated serum cholesterol levels, cigarette smoking, hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, obesity, physical inactivity, and stress. The client is instructed to stop smoking (not cut down), and the nurse should provide the client with resources to do so. The client is also instructed to maintain a normal weight and include physical activity in the daily schedule. The client needs to limit sodium intake and foods high in cholesterol, including red meat and cheese. The client must follow up with regular primary health care provider appointments for physical examinations and monitoring blood pressure.
Which factors increase the risk for hypothermia in an older client? Select all that apply.
- A. Burns
- B. Anemia
- C. Alcohol abuse
- D. Hypoglycemia
- E. Hyperthyroidism
- F. Poor thermoregulation
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,F
Rationale: The median oral temperature of an older client is 96.8^{\circF}\left(36^{\circC}\right) . Environmental temperatures below 65^{\circF}\left(18^{\circC}\right) may cause a serious drop in core body temperature to 95^{\circF}\left(35^{\circC}\right) or less in the older client. Numerous factors increase the risk of hypothermia in the older client, including conditions that increase heat loss (e.g., burns); conditions that decrease heat production such as hypothyroidism, hypoglycemia, or anemia; medications or substances that interfere with thermoregulation, such as alcohol; or thermoregulatory impairment (failure to sense cold).