Nokea
The nurse has given client directions for the proper use of aluminum hydroxide tablets. The client indicates an understanding of the medication when which statement is made?
- A. I should take the tablet at the same time as an antacid.
- B. I should swallow the tablet whole with a full glass of water.
- C. I should take each dose with a laxative to prevent constipation.
- D. I should chew the tablet thoroughly and then drink 4 ounces of water.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aluminum hydroxide tablets should be chewed thoroughly before swallowing. This prevents them from entering the small intestine undissolved. They should not be swallowed whole. Antacids should be taken at least 2 hours apart from other medications to prevent interactive effects. Constipation is a side effect of aluminum products, but the client should not take a laxative with each dose. This promotes laxative abuse. The client should first try other means to prevent constipation.
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The nurse instructs the client in mixing and administering regular and NPH insulin. Which of the following statements indicates that the client needs additional instruction?
- A. I draw up the regular insulin first
- B. I shake the bottle of NPH insulin before drawing it up
- C. I store the insulin in a cool place
- D. I insert the needle at a 90-degree angle
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shaking NPH insulin can damage it; it should be gently rolled. Drawing up regular insulin first, cool storage, and a 90-degree injection angle are correct practices.
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of seizures. Which precaution should be implemented?
- A. Keep the bed in the highest position.
- B. Ensure suction equipment is at the bedside.
- C. Allow the client to ambulate without assistance.
- D. Remove all padded side rails.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Suction equipment is essential to maintain airway patency during a seizure, a critical safety precaution.
The nurse monitors the serum electrolyte levels of a client who is taking digoxin (Lanoxin). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances is a common cause of digoxin toxicity?
- A. Hyponatremia.
- B. Hypomagnesemia.
- C. Hypocalcemia.
- D. Hypokalemia.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypokalemia enhances digoxin's effect on the heart, increasing toxicity risk by altering cardiac membrane potential.
A nurse is assessing a client who has a potential diagnosis of pancreatitis. Which risk factors predispose the client to pancreatitis? Select all that apply.
- A. Excessive alcohol use.
- B. Gallstones.
- C. Abdominal trauma.
- D. Hypertension.
- E. Hyperlipidemia with excessive triglycerides.
- F. Hypothyroidism.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Excessive alcohol use, gallstones, abdominal trauma, and hyperlipidemia with high triglycerides are established risk factors for pancreatitis, as they can disrupt塌 or obstruct pancreatic ducts or cause inflammation.
The nurse is teaching a client with a new colostomy about dietary choices. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend to prevent odor and gas?
- A. Yogurt.
- B. Broccoli.
- C. Cabbage.
- D. Beans.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Yogurt contains probiotics that can reduce gas and odor in colostomy output, unlike broccoli, cabbage, or beans.