Nokea
The nurse in a residence facility for older adults is planning for the year. During which month should the influenza vaccine be offered to the residents?
- A. May
- B. July
- C. September
- D. November
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: September allows influenza vaccination before the flu season peaks, ensuring immunity. Later or earlier months are less optimal.
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The nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for cefuroxime 30 mg/kg/day PO in 2 divided doses. The client weighs 35 lb (15.9 kg). The nurse has cefuroxime 250 mg/5 mL available. How many mL should the nurse administer to the client with each dose? Record your answer using 1 decimal place.
Correct Answer: 2.9
Rationale: Total daily dose: 30 mg/kg × 15.9 kg = 477 mg/day. Divided into 2 doses: 477 ÷ 2 = 238.5 mg/dose. Using 250 mg/5 mL: (238.5 mg ÷ 250 mg) × 5 mL = 4.77 mL. Per 2 doses: 4.77 ÷ 2 = 2.385, rounded to 2.9 mL per dose.
The nurse is caring for several hospitalized children with the following diagnoses. Which disorder is likely to result in metabolic acidosis?
- A. Severe diarrhea for 24 hours
- B. Nausea with anorexia
- C. Alternating constipation and diarrhea
- D. Vomiting for over 48 hours
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Severe diarrhea is the only problem listed that can lead to metabolic acidosis if untreated.
An adult client who is ambulating in the corridor with the nurse becomes dizzy and faint. What should the nurse do at this time?
- A. Have her put her head between her legs
- B. Quickly go to get help
- C. Guide her to a chair in the corridor and ease her into it
- D. Encourage the client to walk faster
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Guiding the client to a chair prevents falls and ensures safety during dizziness. Head positioning, seeking help, or faster walking are unsafe or impractical.
Which finding is commonly noted in the client with bladder cancer?
- A. Painless hematuria.
- B. Bladder spasms.
- C. Lower back pain.
- D. Urinary frequency.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Painless hematuria is a hallmark symptom of bladder cancer, often the earliest sign. Other symptoms may occur but are less specific.
Which of the following instructions should be given to a client regarding testicular self-exam?
- A. The testicular exam should be done bimonthly.
- B. The testicular exam should be done while in the shower or tub.
- C. A small pen light should be used to transilluminate the scrotal sac.
- D. The testicular exam should be done yearly.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Testicular self-examination (TSE) is recommended monthly, not bimonthly or yearly, and is best performed during or after a warm shower or bath when the scrotum is relaxed, making it easier to detect abnormalities. Transillumination is a medical procedure, not part of TSE.