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The nurse interprets this ABG result as Laboratory: pH 7.59 [7.35-7.45], PaCO2 30 mmHg [35-45 mm Hg], HCO3- 24 mEq/L [22-28 mEq/L], PaO2 85 mmHg [80-100 mm Hg]
- A. Metabolic acidosis
- B. Respiratory acidosis
- C. Metabolic alkalosis
- D. Respiratory alkalosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: High pH (7.59) and low PaCO2 (30 mm Hg) with normal HCO3- indicate uncompensated respiratory alkalosis (D).
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Which of the following arterial blood gas (ABG) results would the nurse expect if the client's condition is left untreated?
- A. pH 7.50, PCO2 48, PaO2 70, HCO3 44, SaO2 88%
- B. pH 7.28, PCO2 53, PaO2 55, HCO3 28, SaO2 82%
- C. pH 7.36, PCO2 44, PaO2 66, HCO3 28, SaO2 84%
- D. pH 7.48, PCO2 48, PaO2 70, HCO3 24, SaO2 86%
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Untreated ARDS causes severe hypoxemia and CO2 retention, leading to respiratory acidosis. Option B (pH 7.28, PaCO2 53, PaO2 55, SaO2 82%) reflects this.
What arterial blood gas (ABG) values suggest this? pH 7.30 [pH 7.35-7.45], CO2 38 [PCO2 35-45 mm Hg], HCO3 18 mEq/L [HCO3 22-28 mEq/L]; pH 7.48 [pH 7.35-7.45], CO2 31 [PCO2 35-45 mm Hg], HCO3 24 [HCO3 22-28 mEq/L]; pH 7.42 [pH 7.35-7.45], CO2 36 [PCO2 35-45 mm Hg], HCO3 24 [HCO3 22-28 mEq/L]; pH 7.30 [pH 7.35-7.45], CO2 52 [PCO2 35-45 mm Hg], HCO3 29 [HCO3 22-28 mEq/L]
- A. pH 7.30, CO2 38, HCO3 18 mEq/L
- B. pH 7.48, CO2 31, HCO3 24
- C. pH 7.42, CO2 36, HCO3 24
- D. pH 7.30, CO2 52, HCO3 29
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by low pH and high PaCO2. Option D (pH 7.30, PaCO2 52, HCO3 29) shows respiratory acidosis with partial compensation.
The nurse should interpret these results to indicate that the client has? Laboratory: pH 7.30 [7.35-7.45], PaCO2 50 mmHg [35-45 mm Hg], HCO3- 24 mEq/L [22-28 mEq/L]
- A. Respiratory Acidosis
- B. Respiratory Alkalosis
- C. Metabolic Acidosis
- D. Metabolic Alkalosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Low pH (7.30) and high PaCO2 (50 mm Hg) with normal HCO3- indicate uncompensated respiratory acidosis (A).
The nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas results of a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reporting dyspnea. The ABG results: pH 7.18 [7.35-7.45], PaCO2 67 mmHg [35-45 mm Hg], HCO3-
- A. respiratory acidosis
- B. metabolic acidosis
- C. respiratory alkalosis
- D. metabolic alkalosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Low pH (7.18) and high PaCO2 (67 mm Hg) indicate respiratory acidosis (A), common in COPD due to CO2 retention.
The nurse in the emergency department (ED) is caring for a client with dyspnea and coughing up purulent sputum. The nurse reviews the arterial blood gas (ABG) results: pH 7.25 [7.35-7.45], PaO2 93 mmHg [80-100 mmHg], PaCO2 69 mmHg [35-45 mm Hg], HCO3 25 mmol/L [22-28 mEq/L]. The nurse should interpret these results to indicate that the client has
- A. respiratory alkalosis
- B. respiratory acidosis
- C. metabolic alkalosis
- D. metabolic acidosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ABG shows low pH (7.25) and high PaCO2 (69 mm Hg), indicating respiratory acidosis (B) due to CO2 retention, likely from impaired ventilation due to pneumonia.