Nokea
The nurse is about to auscultate an FHR on the client in triage. What information should the nurse determine first in order to find the correct placement for auscultation?
- A. Position of the fetus
- B. Position of the placenta
- C. Presence of contractions
- D. Where to apply the ultrasonic gel
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should first perform Leopold’s maneuvers to determine the fetal position. This will enable proper placement of the Doppler device over the location of the FHR. The position of the placenta can provide important information. However, if the Doppler device is placed over the placenta, the nurse will hear a swishing sound and not the FHR. The FHR is still assessed regardless of the presence of contractions. The nurse who has difficulty obtaining an FHR because of a contraction can listen again once the contraction has concluded. Ultrasonic gel is used with any ultrasound device and allows for the conduction of sound and continuous contact of the device with the maternal abdomen. In order to apply the gel to the correct location, the position of the fetus must be known.
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Which condition increases the risk of congenital anomalies in the fetus?
- A. Maternal diabetes
- B. Mild anemia
- C. Normal weight gain
- D. Regular exercise
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Maternal diabetes, if poorly controlled, increases the risk of congenital anomalies due to elevated blood glucose levels.
Before the pelvic examination, which intervention by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. Give the client an enema.
- B. Instruct the client to urinate.
- C. Shave the client's perineum.
- D. Give the client a mild sedative.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Instructing the client to urinate ensures a comfortable examination by emptying the bladder, which can interfere with pelvic assessment.
Before teaching the client about the nutritional needs during pregnancy, which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
- A. Determine if the client needs to gain or lose weight.
- B. Assess the client's current eating pattern and preferences.
- C. Determine if the client knows how to accurately count calories.
- D. Develop a sample menu that includes the required nutrients.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessing the client's eating patterns and preferences provides a baseline for tailored nutritional education.
Which information about shortness of breath during pregnancy is correct?
- A. It is not common during pregnancy and may indicate a blood clot in the lungs.
- B. It is probably the result of anxiety about the baby's impending delivery.
- C. It is probably caused by the enlarged uterus pressing against the diaphragm.
- D. It is probably caused by decreased oxygen secondary to slow venous circulation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Shortness of breath is common in late pregnancy due to the enlarged uterus pressing against the diaphragm, limiting lung expansion.
The client, who is Chinese American and pregnant, is receiving nutritional counseling about the need for increased amounts of calcium in her diet. Which response by the nurse is most helpful when the client states she does not consume any dairy products?
- A. “Tell me how you perceive dairy products in your culture.”
- B. “Try having a glass of soy milk at each meal and at bedtime.”
- C. “Tell me about your intake of fortified tofu and leafy green vegetables.”
- D. “Rice milk fortified with calcium and nettle tea are good calcium choices.”
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assessing the client’s intake of calcium-rich foods is the best response. Both fortified tofu and leafy green vegetables are high in calcium and are common foods consumed in the Chinese American diet. Although asking about the client’s perception of dairy products shows cultural sensitivity, the client has already stated she does not consume these. This statement is not the most helpful regarding helping the client to increase calcium intake in her diet. The nurse is making a recommendation without further assessing the client’s dietary preferences. Soy milk should be calcium fortified; yet, according to research the calcium content can be as much as 85 percent less than the amount indicated on the product label. Both rice milk fortified with calcium and nettle tea are sources of calcium; however, the nurse is making an assumption that the client consumes these beverages.