Nokea
The nurse is administering morning medications. Which medications should the nurse administer question?
- A. The oral carafate to a client who has not eaten breakfast.
- B. The subcutaneous insulin to a client refusing blood glucose checks.
- C. The levothyroxine PO to a client diagnosed with hypothyroidism.
- D. The sliding scale insulin to a client whose blood glucose level is 320 mg/dL.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin without glucose checks risks hypoglycemia, requiring clarification. Carafate timing, levothyroxine, and sliding-scale insulin are appropriate.
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An elderly woman has been recently diagnosed as having Type 2 diabetes. Which of the following complaints that she has is most likely to be related to the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus?
- A. Pruritus vulvae
- B. Cough
- C. Eructation
- D. Singultus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pruritus vulvae is common in diabetes due to yeast infections from elevated glucose levels.
Which respiratory pattern is the best description of the client's breathing?
- A. Fast, deep, labored respirations
- B. Shallow respirations, alternating with apnea
- C. Slow inhalation and exhalation through pursed lips
- D. Shortness of breath with pauses
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Kussmaul's respirations in DKA are fast, deep, and labored to compensate for metabolic acidosis.
The female client is to be treated with radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy for an enlarged thyroid gland. The client asks if there are any precautions that are needed during RAI therapy. Which is the nurse's best response?
- A. No precautions are necessary. The radiation in the form of an oral capsule will target and destroy thyroid tissue only.'
- B. Use contraceptives or abstain from sexual intercourse to avoid conceiving during and for 6 months after treatment.'
- C. Discontinue taking the antithyroid medication and propranolol; results are seen immediately with RAI therapy.'
- D. Some people need a thyroid hormone replacement, but it is not necessary when the thyroid gland is enlarged.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pregnancy should be postponed for at least 6 months after RAI treatment because it crosses the placenta.
Which instruction by the nurse concerning the test procedure is most accurate?
- A. You need to eat a large meal just before the test.
- B. You can drink coffee or tea in the morning before the test.
- C. You will be given a sweetened drink before the test.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A glucose tolerance test involves administering a sweetened drink to assess the body's response to glucose.
The client is ready for discharge following an adrenalectomy. Which statement that the client makes indicates the best understanding of the client's condition?
- A. I will continue on a low-sodium, low-potassium diet.'
- B. My husband has arranged for a marriage counselor because of our fights.'
- C. I will stay out of the sun so I will not turn splotchy brown.'
- D. I will take all of those pills every day.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lifelong steroid replacement is required post-adrenalectomy, and taking prescribed pills daily shows understanding. A high-sodium, low-potassium diet is needed, and photosensitivity is not an issue.