Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies NCLEX Questions

Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies NCLEX Questions Related

Review Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies NCLEX Questions related questions and content

The nurse is administering Phenobarbital 300 mg IV to the child weighing 18 kg who is in status epilepticus. Which actions should the nurse take to safely administer the medication? Select all that apply.

  • A. Administer the phenobarbital over 20 minutes.
  • B. Monitor the IV site for signs of extravasation.
  • C. Dilute the phenobarbital dose in 10 mL D5W.
  • D. Administer the phenobarbital via IV piggyback.
  • E. Identify incompatible medications or solutions being infused.
  • F. Inject the phenobarbital over 10 minutes in the port closest to the child.
Correct Answer: B,E,F

Rationale: A: This dose of phenobarbital should be administered as an IV-push medication over 10 minutes; administering it over 20 minutes will delay the medication's effects to treat status epilepticus. B: Whenever IV medications are being administered by any route, the site should be evaluated for irritation and extravasation. An extravasation of phenobarbital (Luminal) may cause necrotic tissue changes that necessitate skin grafting. C: Phenobarbital, if diluted, should be mixed with sterile water for injection and not D5W. D: Phenobarbital should be prepared for direct IV administration and not as an IV piggyback because this would delay the child's receiving the medication to terminate the seizure. E: When administering IV medications, identification of medications or solutions that would be incompatible with that medication must occur so that the tubing can be flushed to ensure that crystallization does not occur in the IV tubing. F: Phenobarbital should be administered no faster than 1 mg/kg/min, with a maximum of 30 mg over 1 minute in infants and children.

You may also like to solve these questions

The school-aged child taking guanfacine for treating ADHD is being seen by the nurse at school. The child is pale, diaphoretic, and feeling dizzy. What should the nurse do first?

  • A. Take the child's blood pressure
  • B. Obtain a capillary glucose level
  • C. Telephone the parent about the child
  • D. Put a cool cloth on the child's forehead
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Guanfacine (Tenex) can cause hypotension, making blood pressure the first assessment priority.

The new nurse is initiating TPN for four hospitalized pediatric clients. The experienced nurse should intervene when observing the new nurse attach the TPN infusion tubing to which IV line?

  • A. The catheter inserted in the right external jugular vein of the 2-year-old
  • B. The catheter inserted in the right subclavian vein of the 4-year-old
  • C. The peripherally inserted IV catheter in a hand vein of the 12-year-old
  • D. The PICC located in the right upper arm of the 6-year-old
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A: The external jugular vein is a central IV access site. B: The subclavian vein is a central IV access site. C: TPN is a concentrated hypertonic solution containing glucose, vitamins, electrolytes, trace minerals, and protein. Because it is hypertonic, it should be administered through a central IV access site or a PICC. A major vein is used to avoid inflammatory reactions and venous thrombosis from the high-caloric and high-osmotic fluid. D: A PICC is a central IV access site.

The nurse completes teaching the client who has PD about taking benztropine. Which statements made by the client indicate that teaching is effective? Select all that apply.

  • A. I plan to crush the tablets so that they are easier to swallow.
  • B. I should refrain from taking over-the-counter medications.
  • C. Once my symptoms improve, I can stop taking benztropine.
  • D. Benztropine can cause drooling and excessive secretions.
  • E. I should avoid driving until I know how benztropine affects me.
Correct Answer: A,B,E

Rationale: A: Benztropine (Cogentin) may be crushed; this statement indicates teaching is effective. B: Many OTC medications contain alcohol. Alcohol should be avoided because it is another CNS depressant, and additive drowsiness can occur. This statement indicates teaching is effective. C: Benztropine should not be abruptly discontinued; symptoms will recur, and it may precipitate parkinsonian crisis. D: Benztropine is an anticholinergic that will cause a dry mouth, not drooling and increased secretions. E: Because benztropine (Cogentin) is a CNS depressant, driving should be avoided until the effects of the medication are known. This statement indicates teaching is effective.

A client asks a nurse working in a dental office what type of drug the dentist uses to provide anesthesia during the extraction of the client's wisdom teeth. The dentist uses an anesthetic gas, also known as laughing gas. This agent is:

  • A. nitrous oxide.
  • B. nitrogen.
  • C. nitric oxide.
  • D. nitrogen dioxide.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Nitrous oxide produces analgesia and is often used for minor surgery and dental procedures that do not require loss of consciousness. It can also produce a mild euphoria in some clients.

The client is started on citalopram for treatment of depression. Which information is most important for the nurse to include when teaching the client?

  • A. Activity levels should be increased to include a daily exercise routine.
  • B. If sexual side effects become unbearable, consult your health care provider.
  • C. Taking St. John's wort with your citalopram can enhance its effectiveness.
  • D. Take your blood pressure every morning and report Ascertain any significant changes.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Sexual dysfunction is a common side effect associated with the use of SSRIs; the client taking citalopram (Celexa), an SSRI, should consult the HCP if having unbearable sexual side effects.

Copyright © 2025 Nokea. All rights reserved.