Nokea
The nurse is administering surfactant via ET tube to a 48-hour-old preterm infant with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). The father asks the nurse how this treatment will help his baby. The nurse should explain that the preterm infant is unable to produce adequate amounts of surfactant and that giving it to his baby will have what effect?
- A. Increase PaCO2 levels in the bloodstream
- B. Prevent collapse of the alveoli
- C. Decrease PaO2 levels in the bloodstream
- D. Prevent pleural effusion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Surfactant prevents alveolar collapse in RDS improving gas exchange decreasing PaCO2 and increasing PaO2. Pleural effusion is unrelated.
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What percentage of Polyhydramnios is associated with congenital malformations:
- A. Less than 1%.
- B. 5-10%.
- C. 20-30%.
- D. 50-60%.
- E. 90-100%.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Approximately 20-30% of polyhydramnios cases are associated with congenital malformations such as gastrointestinal or neural tube defects which impair fetal swallowing or increase fluid production.
Diabetic control is important before conception to reduce the incidence of:
- A. Maternal nephropathy.
- B. Diabetic ketoacidosis.
- C. Congenital anomalies.
- D. Maternal retinopathy.
- E. C-section.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Preconception glycemic control in diabetes reduces the risk of congenital anomalies which are significantly increased with poor control (e.g. neural tube defects cardiac anomalies). Other complications are less directly tied to preconception control.
If the following snacks are available, which one is best to meet the child's need for protein?
- A. Strawberry milkshake
- B. A popsicle stick with cinnamon
- C. Cubes of flavored gelatin
- D. Warmed beef broth
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Warmed beef broth is a high-protein snack suitable for a burn patient, providing protein needed for tissue repair and wound healing, unlike the other options, which are lower in protein.
Which response by the nurse would be most helpful in this situation?
- A. You should attempt to discuss the dangers of drug abuse with the patient to see if treatment is necessary.
- B. It will be necessary to get a court order before you can force your child to enter a drug treatment program.
- C. The success of the drug treatment program will depend on your child's desire to become drug-free.
- D. It's best that you force your child into the treatment program because otherwise participation probably will not occur.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The success of drug treatment relies on the adolescent's motivation to recover, making it important to discuss their willingness and readiness for treatment.
If the client asks the nurse for instructions on safe condom use, which information needs to be stressed?
- A. Condoms should be stored in a warm, dry place to prevent damage.
- B. Condoms are generally lubricated with mineral oil or petroleum jelly.
- C. A condom should be applied before the penis becomes erect.
- D. During application, a ½†space should be left at the end of the condom.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Leaving a ½†space at the condom's tip prevents breakage by allowing room for semen, a critical aspect of safe condom use to ensure effectiveness.