Nokea
The nurse is admitting a child who has been diagnosed with bacterial meningitis to the pediatric unit. The nurse should implement which type of isolation?
- A. Standard precautions.
- B. Contact precautions.
- C. Airborne precautions.
- D. Droplet precautions.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bacterial meningitis, such as meningococcal, requires droplet precautions due to transmission via respiratory secretions.
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The nurse teaches the mother of a young child with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy about the disease and its management. Which of the following statements by the mother indicates successful teaching?
- A. My son will probably be unable to walk independently by the time he is 9 to 11 years old.'
- B. Muscle relaxants are effective for some children; I hope they can help my son.'
- C. When my son is a little older, he can have surgery to improve his ability to walk.'
- D. I need to help my son be as active as possible to prevent progression of the disease.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Children with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy typically lose the ability to walk independently by ages 9 to 11 due to progressive muscle weakness.
During a clinic visit, the mother of an infant with hydrocele states that the infant's scrotum is smaller now than when he was born. After teaching the mother about the infant's condition, which of the following statements by the mother indicates that the teaching has been effective?
- A. I guess keeping his bottom up has helped.
- B. Massaging his groin area is working.
- C. It seems like the fluid is being reabsorbed.
- D. Keeping him quiet and in an infant seat has helped.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fluid reabsorption is a natural resolution process.
When developing the discharge teaching plan for a child with chronic renal failure and the family, the nurse should emphasize restriction of which of the following nutrients?
- A. Ascorbic acid.
- B. Calcium.
- C. Magnesium.
- D. Phosphorus.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phosphorus restriction is important.
A child is to receive I.V. antibiotics for osteomyelitis. Before the initial dose of antibiotics can be given, the nurse confirms that a blood sample for which of the following tests has been drawn?
- A. Creatinine.
- B. Culture.
- C. Hemoglobin.
- D. White blood count.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A blood culture is essential before starting antibiotics to identify the causative organism in osteomyelitis.
Which of the following actions indicates that the parents of a 12-month-old with iron deficiency anemia understand how to administer iron supplements?
- A. They administer iron supplements in combination with fruit juice.
- B. They administer iron supplements with meals.
- C. They report dark stools.
- D. They brush the child's teeth after administering the iron supplements.
- E. They decrease dietary intake of foods fortified with iron.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Iron with fruit juice enhances absorption, dark stools are expected, and brushing teeth prevents staining. Iron with meals reduces absorption, and fortified foods should not be decreased.