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The nurse is applying a prescribed 5% lidocaine patch to a client's lumbar back region. The nurse plans to remove this patch after how many hours following the application?
- A. 24 hours
- B. 72 hours
- C. 8 hours
- D. 12 hours
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lidocaine patches (5%) are typically applied for 12 hours and then removed for 12 hours to prevent skin irritation and systemic absorption, per standard guidelines.
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A client has an epidural catheter inserted for postoperative pain management. The client rates his pain at 4 on a 0-to-5 pain scale. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Check the patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump function.
- B. Adjust the epidural catheter.
- C. Assess vital signs.
- D. Notify the physician.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assessing vital signs first ensures the client is stable, as a pain level of 4 may indicate complications (e.g., respiratory depression). Checking the pump, adjusting the catheter, or notifying the physician follow if needed.
The nurse advises the client who has had a femoral head prosthesis placement on the type of chair to sit in during the first 6 to 8 weeks after surgery. Which would be the correct type to recommend?
- A. A desk-type swivel chair.
- B. A padded upholstered chair.
- C. A high-backed chair with armrests.
- D. A recliner with an attached footrest.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A high-backed chair with armrests supports proper posture and safe transfers.
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is admitted to the emergency department. Which of the following respiratory patterns requires immediate action?
- A. Deep, rapid respirations with long expirations.
- B. Shallow respirations alternating with long expirations.
- C. Regular depth of respirations with frequent pauses.
- D. Short expirations and inspirations.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Deep, rapid respirations (Kussmaul respirations) indicate diabetic ketoacidosis, a life-threatening condition requiring immediate intervention.
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has influenza. The nurse should instruct the client to:
- A. Increase the frequency of self-monitoring (blood glucose testing).
- B. Reduce food intake to diminish nausea.
- C. Discontinue insulin if unable to eat.
- D. Take half of the normal dose of insulin.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Influenza can increase blood glucose levels due to stress and illness, requiring more frequent monitoring to adjust insulin doses.
Amoxicillin trihydrate (Amoxil) 300 mg P.O. has been prescribed for a client with an oral infection. The medication is available in a liquid suspension that is available as 250 mg/5 mL. How many milliliters would the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: 6 mL
Rationale: To calculate the dose: (300 mg / 250 mg) × 5 mL = 6 mL. The nurse should administer 6 milliliters of the amoxicillin suspension to deliver the prescribed 300 mg dose.