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The nurse is assessing a client in the third trimester with suspected placental abruption. What finding supports this diagnosis?
- A. Painless bright red bleeding.
- B. Boardlike abdomen and severe pain.
- C. Soft, relaxed uterus.
- D. Increased fetal movement.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Boardlike abdomen and severe pain. This finding supports the diagnosis of placental abruption because it indicates a significant and sudden separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, leading to intense pain and rigidity of the abdomen due to internal bleeding. Painless bright red bleeding (choice A) is more indicative of placenta previa, not placental abruption. A soft, relaxed uterus (choice C) is not typical in placental abruption, which usually presents with uterine tenderness and rigidity. Increased fetal movement (choice D) is not specific to placental abruption and can occur in various pregnancy conditions.
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The nurse is monitoring a client in labor with an epidural. What finding requires immediate intervention?
- A. Blood pressure of 100/60 mmHg.
- B. Fetal heart rate of 90 beats/minute.
- C. Client reports warmth in the lower extremities.
- D. Contractions every 5 minutes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fetal heart rate of 90 beats/minute. A fetal heart rate of 90 bpm indicates fetal distress and requires immediate intervention to prevent potential complications. Decreased fetal heart rate can be a sign of fetal hypoxia or distress. The other choices are not as concerning in this context. A blood pressure of 100/60 mmHg is within normal range. The client reporting warmth in the lower extremities is a common side effect of epidural anesthesia. Contractions every 5 minutes may indicate progress in labor but do not require immediate intervention unless associated with fetal distress.
What does intimate partner violence refer to?
- A. violence that occurs in public spaces, such as streets or parks, between acquaintances or strangers
- B. violence or abuse that occurs within a relationship, involving physical assault, sexual violence, emotional or psychologic abuse, controlling behaviors, and economic abuse
- C. violence primarily directed toward children by their parents or guardians
- D. violence that is limited to verbal arguments and does not involve physical harm
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because intimate partner violence refers to violence or abuse that occurs within a relationship, involving various forms of abuse like physical assault, sexual violence, emotional or psychological abuse, controlling behaviors, and economic abuse. This definition specifically highlights the nature of violence within the context of intimate relationships, distinguishing it from violence that occurs in public spaces (choice A), violence directed toward children (choice C), or limited to verbal arguments without physical harm (choice D). Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on violence between acquaintances or strangers in public spaces. Choice C is incorrect as it refers to violence toward children. Choice D is incorrect as it excludes physical harm, which is often a significant aspect of intimate partner violence.
The nurse is teaching a client about foods rich in folic acid during pregnancy. Which food should the nurse recommend?
- A. Citrus fruits.
- B. Lean meats.
- C. Dairy products.
- D. Whole grains.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, citrus fruits. Folic acid is important for fetal development and helps prevent birth defects. Citrus fruits like oranges, grapefruits, and lemons are rich sources of folic acid. They provide the necessary nutrients for a healthy pregnancy. Lean meats (B) are good sources of protein but not specifically high in folic acid. Dairy products (C) are important for calcium but do not contain significant amounts of folic acid. Whole grains (D) are beneficial for fiber and nutrients, but they are not the best source of folic acid compared to citrus fruits.
A client in labor with ruptured membranes is diagnosed with chorioamnionitis. What is the priority nursing action?
- A. Administer prescribed antibiotics.
- B. Encourage the client to ambulate.
- C. Increase the oxytocin infusion rate.
- D. Perform a sterile vaginal examination.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer prescribed antibiotics. The priority nursing action in a client with chorioamnionitis is to administer antibiotics promptly to prevent infection spread to the fetus and mother. Antibiotics help treat the infection and reduce complications. Encouraging ambulation (B) may not be safe due to the risk of infection. Increasing oxytocin infusion rate (C) could worsen the infection. Performing a sterile vaginal examination (D) is contraindicated as it can introduce more bacteria. Administering antibiotics is the most urgent and effective intervention in this situation.
Who created the Mongan Method?
- A. physician
- B. midwife
- C. hypnotherapist
- D. organization
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: hypnotherapist. The Mongan Method was created by Marie Mongan, who is a hypnotherapist. She developed this method as a childbirth education program that incorporates hypnosis techniques to help women have a more positive and empowering birthing experience. The other choices are incorrect because a physician, midwife, or organization did not create the Mongan Method. Marie Mongan's background in hypnotherapy is the key factor in why choice C is the correct answer.