Nokea
The nurse is aware that a neonate of a mother with diabetes is at risk for what complication?
- A. Anemia
- B. Hypoglycemia
- C. Nitrogen loss
- D. Thrombosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Neonates born to mothers with diabetes are at risk for hypoglycemia due to their exposure to high blood glucose levels in the womb. During pregnancy, the baby's pancreas produces extra insulin to handle the excess glucose from the mother, but after birth, there may be a sudden drop in blood glucose levels in the baby, leading to hypoglycemia. It is important to monitor blood glucose levels closely in these neonates and provide appropriate interventions to prevent and manage hypoglycemia. Anemia, nitrogen loss, and thrombosis are not typically associated with neonates of mothers with diabetes.
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The healthcare provider should question an order for glucocorticoids in the treatment of a patient with what condition?
- A. Systemic fungal infection
- B. Diabetes Mellitus
- C. Myasthenia Gravis
- D. Glaucoma
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Glucocorticoids are contraindicated in the treatment of a patient with systemic fungal infection or in patients receiving live vaccines due to their immunosuppressive effects. Glucocorticoids can exacerbate fungal infections by suppressing the immune response. While caution is advised in patients with diabetes mellitus, myasthenia gravis, and glaucoma, the presence of a systemic fungal infection warrants questioning the use of glucocorticoids to prevent worsening of the fungal infection.
The nurse is caring for a client with type I diabetes mellitus who exhibits confusion, light-headedness, and aberrant behavior. The client is still conscious. The nurse should first administer:
- A. I.M. or subcutaneous glucagon.
- B. I.V. bolus of dextrose 50%.
- C. 15 to 20 g of a fast-acting carbohydrate such as orange juice.
- D. 10 U of fast-acting insulin.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario where the client with type I diabetes mellitus is exhibiting confusion, light-headedness, and aberrant behavior, indicating hypoglycemia, the first-line treatment would be administering I.M. or subcutaneous glucagon. Glucagon helps to rapidly increase blood sugar levels by stimulating the liver to release stored glucose. This is crucial in situations where the client is conscious but unable to take oral carbohydrates, such as in cases of severe hypoglycemia with altered mental status. Administration of glucagon helps to quickly raise blood sugar levels and prevent further deterioration in the client's condition. Options B, C, and D are not the initial interventions in this situation and may not be as effective in rapidly correcting hypoglycemia in a client who is exhibiting signs of confusion and aberrant behavior.
Indications of severe exacerbation of asthma include the following EXCEPT
- A. breathlessness
- B. accessory muscle use
- C. labored breathing
- D. PEF or FEV1 value <70% of personal best
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Buck's traction with a 10 lb. weight is securing a patient's leg while she is waiting for surgery to repair a hip fracture. It is important to check circulation- sensation-movement:
- A. every shift.
- B. every day.
- C. every 4 hours.
- D. every 15 minutes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It is important to check circulation, sensation, and movement of the patient's leg secured with Buck's traction every 4 hours. Checking every shift may not provide a frequent enough monitoring interval, while checking every day or every 15 minutes may be too infrequent or excessive, respectively. Regular assessments are necessary to detect any changes in the patient's condition promptly and ensure the effectiveness and safety of the traction device. This frequency allows healthcare providers to identify any potential issues early and take appropriate action to prevent complications.
What is the maximum accepted rate of drop of serum sodium per 24 hours in hypernatremia?
- A. 8 mmol/L
- B. 12 mmol/L
- C. 16 mmol/L
- D. 20 mmol/L
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.