Nokea
The nurse is aware that in communicating with an elderly client, the nurse will
- A. Lean and shout at the ear of the client
- B. Use a low-pitched voice
- C. Open mouth wide while talking to the client
- D. Use a medium-pitched voice
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When communicating with an elderly client, it is important to use a low-pitched voice because high frequencies can be difficult for older individuals to hear. A low-pitched voice is easier for them to understand and can help enhance communication. Speaking clearly and directly in a calm manner with a lower pitch can make it easier for the elderly client to hear and comprehend what is being said. Additionally, it is important to speak at a moderate pace and volume to ensure effective communication with elderly clients.
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A patient is unable to control his bowels ff. a subarachnoid hemorrhage. Which intervention by the nurse can help reduce episodes of bowel incontinence?
- A. Ask the patient frequently if he has to have a bowel movement
- B. Place incontinence pads on the patient's bed and chair
- C. Toilet the patient according to his pre-illness schedule, whether or not he feels the urge
- D. Take care not to embarrass the patient when incontinent episode occur
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Option C, which is to toilet the patient according to his pre-illness schedule, whether or not he feels the urge, is the best intervention by the nurse to help reduce episodes of bowel incontinence in this patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage. This strategy can help establish a routine and promote regular bowel movements, which may reduce the likelihood of bowel incontinence episodes. Asking the patient frequently if he has to have a bowel movement (Option A) may not be effective, as the patient may not always be able to accurately communicate their needs due to the underlying condition. Placing incontinence pads on the patient's bed and chair (Option B) may manage the consequences of incontinence but does not address the root cause. While taking care not to embarrass the patient when incontinent episodes occur (Option D) is important for maintaining the patient's dignity, it does not directly address the issue of reducing bowel incontinence episodes.
Which of the ff is a critical task of a nurse during the uterosigmoidostomy procedure for treating a malignant tumor?
- A. Inspecting for bleeding or cyanosis
- B. Inspecting for symptoms of peritonitis
- C. Assessing the clients allergy to iodine
- D. Checking for signs of electrolyte losses
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: During a uterosigmoidostomy procedure for treating a malignant tumor, a critical task of the nurse is to inspect for bleeding or cyanosis. Bleeding can be a potential complication during surgery and needs to be promptly identified and managed by the nurse. Cyanosis, which is a bluish discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen, can indicate a lack of blood flow to the tissues. Both bleeding and cyanosis are serious issues that require immediate attention to prevent further complications and ensure the client's safety and well-being. Therefore, assessing and monitoring for these signs are crucial tasks for the nurse in this situation.
The first permanent tooth to erupt is
- A. central incisor at 6 years
- B. molar at 6 years
- C. premolar lower canine at 6-7 years
- D. upper canine at 6-7 years
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The first molar typically erupts at 6 years.
The nurse closely monitors the temperature of a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome. The purpose of this assessment is to detect an early sign of which possible complication?
- A. Infection
- B. Hypertension
- C. Encephalopathy
- D. Edema
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome, the nurse closely monitors the temperature to detect an early sign of infection. Children with nephrotic syndrome are more susceptible to infections due to loss of immunoglobulins in the urine, decreased serum complement levels, and altered immune function. Monitoring the temperature is important to identify any signs of infection early, as prompt treatment is crucial in preventing complications such as sepsis.
The client with rheumatoid arthritis reports GI irritation after taking piroxicam (Feldene). To prevent GI upset, the nurse should provide which instruction?
- A. Space the administration every 4 hours.
- B. Use the drug for a short time only
- C. Take piroxicam with food or oral antacid
- D. Decrease the piroxicam dosage
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Piroxicam is a nonselective NSAID (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug) that can irritate the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, leading to symptoms such as heartburn, indigestion, and stomach pain. Taking piroxicam with food or an oral antacid can help reduce GI irritation by providing a protective barrier and reducing acid production within the stomach. Encouraging the client to take piroxicam with a meal or antacid can help prevent or minimize GI upset associated with the medication. Additionally, using a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) or histamine-2 receptor antagonist (H2 blocker) along with piroxicam may further protect the stomach lining from irritation.