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The nurse is aware that the purpose of therapeutic communication is to:
- A. gather as much information as possible about the patient's problem.
- B. direct the patient to communicate about his deepest concerns.
- C. focus on the patient and the patient needs to facilitate interaction.
- D. gain specific medical information and history of illness.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because therapeutic communication aims to focus on the patient and their needs to facilitate a therapeutic interaction. This involves active listening, empathy, and creating a supportive environment for the patient to express their thoughts and feelings. Gathering information (choice A) is important but not the sole purpose of therapeutic communication. Directing the patient to communicate about deepest concerns (choice B) may not always be appropriate or helpful. Lastly, gaining specific medical information and history of illness (choice D) is part of a comprehensive assessment but not the primary goal of therapeutic communication.
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The team leader is reviewing what the HCP has just prescribed for Mr. N (non-Hodgkin lymphoma). What will the team leader question?
- A. Administer filgrastim 5 mcg/kg subcutaneously every day
- B. Catheterize to obtain a urinalysis specimen.
- C. Flush the IV saline lock every shift.
- D. Monitor vital signs every 4 hours.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer filgrastim 5 mcg/kg subcutaneously every day. The rationale for this is that filgrastim is a medication commonly prescribed for patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma to stimulate the production of white blood cells. Therefore, the team leader should question the dosage, route of administration, and frequency to ensure it aligns with the prescribed treatment plan.
Incorrect choices:
B: Catheterize to obtain a urinalysis specimen - This is not relevant to the prescribed treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
C: Flush the IV saline lock every shift - Important for maintaining IV access but not directly related to the prescribed medication.
D: Monitor vital signs every 4 hours - Monitoring vital signs is important but not the primary concern when reviewing a prescribed medication for non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
The nurse cares for an adult client who is diagnosed with active tuberculosis. Which action, if performed by the nurse during introductions, shows respect for the client? (Select all that apply)
- A. Maintain eye contact by looking at the client.
- B. Avoid touch to reduce transmission of the disease.
- C. Stay at least 4 to 6 feet away from the client.
- D. Briefly converse about the weather to break the ice.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Maintaining eye contact by looking at the client during introductions shows respect by acknowledging the client as an individual and demonstrating active listening. This helps establish trust and rapport.
Incorrect choices:
B: Avoiding touch may be necessary for infection control, but it does not necessarily show respect for the client.
C: Staying 4 to 6 feet away may be necessary for infection control, but it does not demonstrate respect or engagement with the client.
D: Briefly conversing about the weather is a social nicety but may not convey the same level of respect and attentiveness as making eye contact.
The team leader is reviewing the pain management plan for Mr. U. He is having significant pain related to the cancer and the pulmonary resection. Which option would be the best for Mr. U?
- A. Mr. U is instructed to ask for pain medication whenever he needs it.
- B. Mr. U is to receive around-the-clock fixed doses of opioid analgesics.
- C. Mr. U should be offered the nonopioid medication first to see it if works.
- D. Mr. U has a high risk for respiratory distress, so opioids are not prescribed.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because Mr. U is experiencing significant pain related to cancer and pulmonary resection, which typically requires continuous pain management. Around-the-clock fixed doses of opioid analgesics provide consistent pain relief and can be adjusted based on his pain levels. This approach ensures adequate pain control without the need for Mr. U to wait until the pain becomes severe before asking for medication. Option A may lead to undertreatment of pain. Option C delays effective pain relief for Mr. U who is already experiencing significant pain. Option D is incorrect as opioids can be safely administered with proper monitoring, even in patients at high risk for respiratory distress.
According to Swanson's theory, there are five caring processes, one of which is "knowing.= What are the other four?
- A. Communication, assertiveness, responsibility, and caring
- B. Maintaining belief, being with, doing for, and enabling
- C. Understanding, action, information, and comfort
- D. Maintaining belief, being with, enabling, and supporting
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Maintaining belief, being with, doing for, and enabling. Swanson's theory of caring includes these four processes along with "knowing." Maintaining belief refers to having faith in the patient's ability to get through the situation. Being with involves being present and showing emotional support. Doing for means providing physical care and assistance. Enabling focuses on empowering the patient to make decisions and take control of their health.
Choice A is incorrect because it includes communication, assertiveness, and responsibility, which are not part of Swanson's caring processes. Choice C is incorrect as it includes understanding, action, information, and comfort, which do not align with Swanson's theory. Choice D is incorrect because it includes supporting, which is not one of the caring processes identified by Swanson.
Which nonverbal action(s) would be consistent with an assertive style of communication? (Select all that apply)
- A. Relaxed posture
- B. Established eye contact
- C. Hands placed on hips
- D. Distant, soft voice
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A (Relaxed posture) because assertiveness is about expressing oneself confidently while respecting others. A relaxed posture conveys confidence and self-assurance. Established eye contact (B) is also consistent with assertiveness, showing engagement and sincerity. Choices C (Hands placed on hips) and D (Distant, soft voice) are more indicative of aggression or passivity, respectively, rather than assertiveness. Placing hands on hips can come across as confrontational, while a distant, soft voice lacks the firmness and clarity associated with assertive communication.