Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with Systemic Inflammatory Response syndrome after an extensive abdominal surgery. Which nursing interventions could prevent the development of Multi Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS)?
- A. Place the client on strict intake and output.
- B. Administer pain medication via patient-controlled analgesia.
- C. Keep the head of the bed elevated at all times.
- D. Practice therapeutic communication.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Strict intake and output monitoring detects early renal dysfunction, preventing MODS progression. Pain control, head elevation, and communication are less specific.
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The client with myasthenia gravis is prescribed the cholinesterase inhibitor neostigmine (Prostigmin). Which data indicate the medication is effective?
- A. The client is able to feed self independently.
- B. The client is able to blink the eyes without tearing.
- C. The client denies any nausea or vomiting when eating.
- D. The client denies any pain when performing ROM exercises.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Independent feeding indicates improved muscle strength, the goal of neostigmine. Blinking, nausea, and pain are less directly related.
The 30-year-old female client is admitted with complaints of numbness, tingling, a crawling sensation affecting the extremities, and double vision which has occurred two (2) times in the month. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask the client?
- A. Have you experienced any difficulty with your menstrual cycle?
- B. Have you noticed a rash across the bridge of your nose?
- C. Do you get tired easily and sometimes have problems swallowing?
- D. Are you taking birth control pills to prevent conception?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fatigue and dysphagia are MS symptoms, and their presence supports the diagnosis. Menstrual issues, rashes (SLE-related), and birth control are less relevant to MS.
The client diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome is on a ventilator. When the wife comes to visit, she starts crying uncontrollably, and the client starts fighting the ventilator because his wife is upset. Which action should the nurse implement?
- A. Tell the wife she must stop crying.
- B. Escort the wife out of the room.
- C. Medicate the client immediately.
- D. Acknowledge the wife's fears.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acknowledging the wife’s fears provides emotional support, potentially calming both her and the client. Ordering her to stop, escorting her out, or medicating the client are less therapeutic.
The client has had an anaphylactic reaction to insect venom, a bee sting. Which discharge instruction should the nurse discuss with the client?
- A. Take a corticosteroid dose pack when stung by a bee.
- B. Take antihistamines prior to outdoor activities.
- C. Use a cromolyn sodium (Intal) inhaler prophylactically.
- D. Carry a bee sting kit, especially when going outside.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Carrying a bee sting kit (EpiPen) is critical for managing future anaphylaxis. Steroids, antihistamines, and cromolyn are less effective prophylactically.
Which statement indicates the female client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) understands the discharge instructions?
- A. I should wear sunscreen with at least a 5 SPF.
- B. I am not going to any activities with large crowds.
- C. I should not get pregnant because I have SLE.
- D. I must avoid using hypoallergenic products.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Avoiding pregnancy prevents SLE complications, indicating understanding. SPF 5 is inadequate, crowd avoidance is not standard, and hypoallergenic products are safe.