Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client experiencing diarrhea. When teaching about the site in the body where water and electrolytes are absorbed, the nurse is most correct to instruct on which location?
- A. The small intestine
- B. The stomach
- C. The large intestine
- D. The cecum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse is correct in instructing the client that water and electrolytes are mainly absorbed in the large intestine. The other options are not the best site for absorption.
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The nurse is instructing the client on sensations commonly experienced when a contrast agent is injected into the body during diagnostic studies. Which sensation is most common?
- A. Light-headedness
- B. A warm sensation
- C. Heart palpitations
- D. Chills
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse informs the client of the potential to experience a warm sensation and nausea when the contrast agent is instilled. The client is instructed to take a couple of deep breaths, and, many times, the sensation will go away. The other options are not frequently encountered.
The nurse is working with clients with digestive tract disorders. Which organ does the nurse realize has effects as an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland?
- A. Gallbladder
- B. Pancreas
- C. Stomach
- D. Liver
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The pancreas is both an exocrine gland, one that releases secretions into a duct or channel, and an endocrine gland, one that releases substances directly into the bloodstream. The other organs have a variety of functions but do not have a combination function such as the pancreas.
The nurse is preparing to measure the client's abdominal girth as part of the physical examination. At which location would the nurse most likely measure?
- A. In the right upper quadrant
- B. At the umbilicus
- C. At the lower border of the liver
- D. Just below the last rib
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Measurement of abdominal girth is done at the widest point, which is usually the umbilicus. The right upper quadrant, lower border of the liver, or just below the last rib would be inappropriate sites for abdominal girth measurement.
The instructor has just finished teaching a group of students about the various organs of the upper gastrointestinal tract and possible disorders. The instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which structure as possibly being affected?
- A. Liver
- B. Ileum
- C. Stomach
- D. Large Intestine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract begins at the mouth and ends at the jejunum. Therefore, the stomach would be a component of the upper GI tract. The lower GI tract begins at the ileum and ends at the anus. The liver is considered an accessory structure.
The nurse is working in a diagnostic testing unit focusing on gastrointestinal studies. For which testing procedure is the nurse correct to assess the gag reflex before offering fluids?
- A. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
- B. Sigmoidoscopy
- C. Peritoneoscopy
- D. Colonoscopy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse is correct to assess the gag reflex prior to offering fluids for a client having an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). The other options are lower gastrointestinal studies typically requiring a bowel preparation.