Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client in a sickle cell crisis. Which is the pain regimen of choice to relieve the pain?
- A. Frequent aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) and a non-narcotic analgesic
- B. Motrin (ibuprofen), an NSAID, PRN
- C. Demerol (meperidine), a narcotic analgesic, every four (4) hours
- D. Morphine, a narcotic analgesic, every two (2) to three (3) hours PRN
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In a sickle cell crisis, morphine is the preferred analgesic due to its potency and effectiveness in managing severe pain. Choice A is incorrect because aspirin is contraindicated in sickle cell disease due to its potential to cause a further decrease in blood flow. Choice B, Motrin (ibuprofen), is also not the ideal choice as NSAIDs can exacerbate renal complications in sickle cell patients. Choice C, Demerol (meperidine), is not recommended for sickle cell pain management due to its toxic metabolite accumulation which can cause seizures and other complications.
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What is the best position to measure the leg circumference of a client with bipedal edema?
- A. Dorsal recumbent
- B. Sitting
- C. Standing
- D. Supine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When measuring the leg circumference of a client with bipedal edema, the best position to ensure accurate and consistent measurements is the dorsal recumbent position. This position allows the legs to be comfortably positioned, with the individual lying on their back and legs extended. This facilitates accurate measurement of the circumference without the influence of gravity. Sitting and standing positions may not provide optimal conditions for accurate leg circumference measurements as they may not allow the legs to be fully extended. The supine position, although similar to dorsal recumbent, may not provide the same level of comfort and accuracy in leg circumference measurement for a client with bipedal edema.
The system used at the division level and forward comprises six basic modules. Which module is composed of four medical specialists and two vehicles?
- A. Patient holding squad
- B. Surgical squad
- C. Ambulance squad
- D. Area support squad
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Ambulance Squad is the module composed of four medical specialists and two vehicles. This squad is responsible for providing medical care during transportation. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not match the description provided in the question. The Patient Holding Squad focuses on a different aspect of patient care, the Surgical Squad is more specialized in surgical procedures, and the Area Support Squad provides a different type of support.
Which of the following is a potential side effect associated with the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs?
- A. Stomach irritation and bleeding
- B. Stomatitis and esophagitis
- C. Impaired folate absorption
- D. Increased potassium excretion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Stomach irritation and bleeding. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can cause stomach irritation and bleeding due to their effects on gastric mucosa. Stomatitis and esophagitis (Choice B) are not typically associated with NSAID use. While NSAIDs may affect renal function, leading to fluid retention and edema, they do not directly cause increased potassium excretion (Choice D). Impaired folate absorption (Choice C) is not a common side effect of NSAIDs.
Participating in the development of long-term and preventive health goals with the patient and their family is a part of which of the following steps for determining and fulfilling the nursing care needs of the patient?
- A. Evaluation
- B. Planning
- C. Implementation
- D. Assessment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Planning. In the nursing process, planning involves developing long-term and preventive health goals in collaboration with the patient and their family. This step focuses on outlining the strategies and interventions needed to achieve the desired outcomes. Choice A, Evaluation, occurs after interventions are implemented to assess the effectiveness of the care provided. Choice C, Implementation, involves carrying out the planned interventions. Choice D, Assessment, is the initial step in the nursing process that involves collecting data to identify the patient's needs and health status.
A patient with hypothyroidism should be advised to consume more of which nutrient?
- A. Calcium
- B. Iodine
- C. Vitamin C
- D. Iron
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Iodine. Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone production, and its deficiency can contribute to hypothyroidism. While calcium, vitamin C, and iron are important for overall health, they are not specifically related to thyroid function. Calcium is more associated with bone health, vitamin C with immune function, and iron with red blood cell production.