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The nurse is caring for a client receiving a continuous infusion of norepinephrine. The nurse should plan to monitor which of the following for the client? Select all that apply.
- A. Blood pressure
- B. Intracranial pressure
- C. Intravenous site
- D. Urine output
- E. Blood glucose
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Norepinephrine, a vasopressor, requires monitoring blood pressure (to assess efficacy), IV site (for extravasation risk), urine output (to evaluate perfusion), and blood glucose (as it can cause hyperglycemia). Intracranial pressure is not typically monitored unless neurological issues are present.
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The nurse is caring for a client prescribed a calcium channel blocker to treat primary hypertension. When providing education about medication administration, which of these foods will the nurse advise the client to avoid?
- A. Eggs
- B. Milk
- C. Grapefruit
- D. Bananas
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Grapefruit juice can inhibit the metabolism of calcium channel blockers, increasing drug levels and toxicity risk. Eggs, milk, and bananas do not interact significantly.
The nurse is teaching a client who is receiving newly prescribed enalapril. Which of the following information should be a priority for the nurse to include?
- A. This medication may cause you to develop a dry cough.
- B. If you notice swelling of your face, lips, or eyes, report this to your doctor.
- C. You may notice that the taste of foods is different.
- D. You will need to obtain periodic lab work while taking this medication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Enalapril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause angioedema, a potentially life-threatening swelling of the face, lips, or eyes, making this the priority teaching point. Dry cough, taste changes, and lab monitoring are relevant but less urgent.
The nurse is presenting at a staff development conference about medications used to treat heart failure. The nurse recognizes which medications are used to treat heart failure. Select all that apply.
- A. furosemide
- B. metformin
- C. lisinopril
- D. digoxin
- E. warfarin
- F. metoprolol
Correct Answer: A,C,D,F
Rationale: Furosemide (diuretic), lisinopril (ACE inhibitor), digoxin (cardiac glycoside), and metoprolol (beta-blocker) are used in heart failure. Metformin and warfarin are not standard treatments.
The nurse is preparing a staff education program about beta-blockers and their function in the cardiovascular system. Which of the following information should the nurse include? Select all that apply.
- A. block catecholamines from binding to the beta receptors.
- B. reduce myocardial oxygen demand.
- C. increase cardiac contractility.
- D. increase cardiac output.
- E. prevent sodium and water resorption by inhibiting aldosterone secretion.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Beta-blockers block catecholamines at beta receptors, reducing heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand. They do not increase contractility or cardiac output and are not involved in aldosterone secretion.
The nurse is preparing to administer amiodarone. Which of the following laboratory test results should the nurse monitor during the therapy?
- A. white blood cell (WBC) count
- B. serum glucose level
- C. serum uric acid level
- D. thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Amiodarone can cause thyroid dysfunction, so TSH levels should be monitored. WBC, glucose, and uric acid are not typically affected.