Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client receiving insulin isophane suspension (NPH) at breakfast. What is an important dietary consideration for the nurse to keep in mind?
- A. Make sure breakfast is not delayed.
- B. Provide fewer amounts of carbohydrates at lunch meal.
- C. Encourage midday snack.
- D. Delay dinner meal.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NPH insulin peaks 4-10 hours after administration, risking hypoglycemia mid-morning to early afternoon. A midday snack helps maintain stable glucose levels. Breakfast timing, reduced lunch carbohydrates, or delayed dinner are not directly related to NPH's action.
You may also like to solve these questions
A client is diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The client reports visiting the gym regularly and is a vegetarian. Which of the following factors is important to consider when the nurse assesses the client?
- A. The client's consumption of carbohydrates
- B. History of radiographic contrast studies that used iodine
- C. The client's mental and emotional status
- D. The client's exercise routine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Carbohydrate consumption is critical to assess in diabetes due to its direct impact on blood sugar levels. While mental status, exercise, and past iodine contrast studies are relevant, they are secondary to carbohydrate intake in managing high blood sugar.
The client with diabetes asks the nurse why shoes and socks are removed at each office visit. The nurse gives which assessment finding as the explanation for the inspection of feet?
- A. Autonomic neuropathy
- B. Retinopathy
- C. Sensory neuropathy
- D. Nephropathy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sensory neuropathy from poor glucose control reduces foot sensation, increasing injury risk. Regular foot inspections detect issues early. Autonomic neuropathy affects organs, retinopathy affects eyes, and nephropathy affects kidneys, not directly related to foot injuries.
A diabetic client who is controlled with insulin complains to the nurse about weight gain. Which response from the nurse explains the most likely cause of the weight increase?
- A. Insulin is an anabolic hormone.
- B. Insulin provides more efficient use of glucose.
- C. Faulty fat metabolism is shut off.
- D. Weight gain is attributed to fluid retention.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin, an anabolic hormone, promotes glucose storage as glycogen and fat, contributing to weight gain. While it improves glucose utilization and corrects faulty metabolism, these are secondary to its anabolic effects. Fluid retention is not typically associated with insulin therapy.
Which is the best nursing explanation for the symptom of polyuria in a client with diabetes mellitus?
- A. With diabetes, drinking more results in more urine production.
- B. Increased ketones in the urine promote the manufacturing of more urine.
- C. High sugar pulls fluid into the bloodstream, which results in more urine production.
- D. The body's requirement for fuel drives the production of urine.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High blood glucose levels increase blood osmolality, pulling fluid into the vascular system, which leads to increased urine production (polyuria) as the kidneys attempt to excrete excess glucose. This triggers thirst (polydipsia), not vice versa. Ketones and fuel requirements do not directly cause polyuria.
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is receiving short-acting insulin to maintain control of blood glucose levels. In providing glucometer instructions, the nurse would instruct the client to use which site for most accurate findings?
- A. Finger
- B. Upper arm
- C. Thigh
- D. Forearm
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The fingertip provides the most accurate blood glucose readings due to its rich blood supply and minimal lag in glucose levels compared to alternate sites like the arm or thigh, which are less reliable for tight glucose control.