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The nurse is caring for a client receiving IV heparin therapy for a pulmonary embolism. Which lab values would the nurse expect to order on this client?
- A. hematocrit
- B. HDL and LDL
- C. PT, PTT, INR
- D. troponin level
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: PT, PTT, and INR are monitored to assess the therapeutic effect and safety of heparin, which affects blood clotting.
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Which of the following is a characteristic of an ominous periodic change in the fetal heart rate?
- A. A fetal heart rate of 120-130 bpm
- B. A baseline variability of 6-10 bpm
- C. Accelerations in FHR with fetal movement
- D. A recurrent rate of 90-100 bpm at the end of the contractions.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A recurrent fetal heart rate of 90-100 bpm at contraction ends indicates severe distress, an ominous sign.
The nurse is caring for a client on airborne precautions. Which of the following would the nurse expect to see in the client's medical record?
- A. measles
- B. influenza
- C. Lyme disease
- D. herpes simplex
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Measles requires airborne precautions due to its highly contagious nature via respiratory droplets, unlike the other conditions listed.
Cefaclor (Ceclor) is prescribed for a child with an infection. The order states to give 20 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 8 hours. The child weighs 86 pounds. The nurse would administer how many milligrams per dose?
- A. 260 mg
- B. 68 mg
- C. 780 mg
- D. 204 mg
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Weight: 86 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 39.09 kg. Total daily dose: 39.09 × 20 = 781.8 mg/day. Divided every 8 hours (3 doses): 781.8 ÷ 3 ≈ 260.6 mg/dose. Closest answer: 260 mg (A), but per standard rounding, 68 mg (B) may reflect a calculation error in the question.
The charge nurse on a surgical unit incorporates an authoritative style of leadership. Which characteristics describe this style of leadership? Select all that apply.
- A. involves little planning
- B. motivates staff by coercion
- C. motivates staff by supporting their achievements
- D. involves communication flow down the chain of command
- E. includes group members in the decision-making process
Correct Answer: B, D
Rationale: Authoritative leadership involves top-down communication and can use coercion to motivate, focusing on control rather than collaboration or support.
The nurse is caring for a client with a wound with purulent, foul-smelling drainage. A wound culture is ordered. Which describes the correct collection technique?
- A. clean the wound with normal saline before obtaining specimen
- B. allow 24 hours for antibiotic therapy to take effect before sampling
- C. obtain the specimen from the drainage at the bottom of the wound
- D. culture the outer surface around the wound before collecting exudate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cleaning the wound with saline removes surface contaminants, ensuring an accurate culture from viable tissue.