Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed carbidopa-levodopa for Parkinson's disease. The nurse should instruct the client that this medication may cause Select all that apply.
- A. Urine to appear darker
- B. Hallucinations
- C. Dizziness upon standing
- D. Dry, non-productive cough
- E. Painful rash that spreads and blisters
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Carbidopa-levodopa can cause darker urine (due to metabolism), hallucinations (a CNS side effect), and dizziness upon standing (orthostatic hypotension). Dry cough and rashes are not typical side effects.
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The nurse is caring for a client receiving intravenous (IV) alteplase for a cerebrovascular accident (CVA). The nurse understands that this medication has reached its therapeutic effect when the client is assessed to have
- A. Increase in the Glasgow Coma Scale
- B. Unintelligible speech
- C. Bleeding at their gum line
- D. Increase in pulse and decrease in blood pressure
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alteplase is a thrombolytic used to dissolve clots in acute ischemic stroke, improving neurological function, as indicated by an increased Glasgow Coma Scale. Unintelligible speech, bleeding, and vital sign changes are not therapeutic effects.
The nurse is preparing a staff in-service regarding conductive hearing loss. It would be appropriate for the nurse to identify which factors cause this type of hearing loss?
- A. Presbycusis
- B. Prolonged exposure to noise
- C. Foreign body
- D. Ototoxic substance
- E. Cerumen
Correct Answer: C,E
Rationale: Foreign bodies and cerumen obstruct the ear canal, causing conductive hearing loss.
The nurse is preparing a staff in-service regarding sensorineural hearing loss. It would be appropriate for the nurse to identify which factors cause this type of hearing loss?
- A. Presbycusis
- B. Ototoxic substance
- C. Foreign body
- D. Exposure to loud noise
- E. Edema
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Presbycusis, ototoxic substances, and loud noise exposure cause sensorineural hearing loss by damaging the inner ear or auditory nerve.
The nurse is caring for a client following a stroke. The client can understand instructions but is unable to express himself verbally. The nurse anticipates that this stroke has impacted which lobe of the client's brain?
- A. Frontal lobe
- B. Parietal lobe
- C. Temporal lobe
- D. Occipital lobe
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Expressive aphasia is associated with frontal lobe stroke, particularly Broca's area.
The nurse has received a prescription for a mannitol infusion. Which type of intravenous tubing should be used to administer mannitol?
- A. Microdrip
- B. Filtered
- C. Vented
- D. Non-vented
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mannitol is a hyperosmolar diuretic that can crystallize in IV tubing, potentially causing blockages. Filtered tubing is required to prevent crystals from entering the bloodstream, ensuring safe administration. Microdrip, vented, and non-vented tubing do not address this risk.