Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client who has nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to be prescribed for the client?
- A. prednisone
- B. hydrochlorothiazide
- C. verapamil
- D. lithium
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus reduces kidney response to ADH. Hydrochlorothiazide paradoxically reduces urine output by increasing sodium excretion, concentrating urine. Prednisone, verapamil, and lithium are unrelated or worsen DI.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse is teaching a client prescribed prednisolone. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication in the morning with food.
- B. The best time to take this medication is later in the afternoon without food.
- C. This medication before bed with a light snack.
- D. You can take this medication anytime, as long as you take it on an empty stomach.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prednisolone should be taken in the morning with food to align with cortisol rhythms and minimize gastrointestinal upset. Afternoon, bedtime, or empty-stomach dosing increases side effects or reduces efficacy.
The nurse is teaching a new group of nurses about insulin administration for a client with type I diabetes mellitus. Which of the following points should be included?
- A. Administer insulin subcutaneously, not intramuscularly.
- B. Regular insulin can be administered intravenously in emergency situations.
- C. Rotate injection sites to prevent lipohypertrophy.
- D. Long-acting insulin should not be mixed in the same syringe with other types of insulin
- E. It's safe to administer cold insulin directly from the refrigerator.
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D
Rationale: Subcutaneous administration is standard, IV regular insulin is for emergencies, rotation prevents tissue damage, and long-acting insulin shouldn't be mixed. Cold insulin can be irritating and should be warmed to room temperature.
The nurse is assessing a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which of the following would be an expected finding?
- A. Thready pulse
- B. Jugular venous distention (JVD)
- C. Coarse tremors
- D. Tachycardia
- E. Orthostatic hypotension
Correct Answer: A, D, E
Rationale: DKA causes dehydration, leading to thready pulse, tachycardia, and orthostatic hypotension. JVD suggests fluid overload, and coarse tremors are not typical.
The nurse is attending to a client with recent, significant weight gain. Which of the following diseases decreases the basal metabolic rate?
- A. Cancer
- B. Hypothyroidism
- C. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- D. Cardiac failure
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypothyroidism slows metabolism, reducing basal metabolic rate and causing weight gain. Cancer, COPD, and cardiac failure often increase metabolic demand or are unrelated.
The nurse is caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) who is receiving an infusion of regular insulin. Which of the following clinical data should be reported to the primary healthcare provider (PHCP) immediately?
- A. Glucose 297 mg/dL, 16.52 mmol/L (70-110 mg/dL, 4.0-11.0 mmol/L)
- B. Potassium 3.2 mEq/L, 3.2 mmol/L (3.5-5 mEq/L, 3.5-5.1 mmol/L)
- C. BUN 24 mg/dL, 8.568 mmol/L (10-20 mg/dL, 2.5 to 6.4 mmol/L)
- D. Hemoglobin A1C 8.9% ( < 7%, 4.8%-6.0%)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In DKA, insulin shifts potassium into cells, risking hypokalemia. A level of 3.2 mEq/L is critical and needs immediate reporting to prevent arrhythmias. Glucose, BUN, and HbA1C are monitored but less urgent.