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The nurse is caring for a client who says, 'My daughter wants me to go to a nursing home to get rid of me; I am just a burden.' Which nursing action is most therapeutic?
- A. Pull up a chair and sit down to talk.
- B. Offer self and discuss family behaviors the nurse sees.
- C. Explore past relationship issues using reminiscence therapy.
- D. Offer to call the daughter in to discuss the issues.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse must respond delicately to an emotional client. The most therapeutic action for the nurse is to pull up a chair and sit down to talk. When assuming a seated position, it allows the nurse to be at eye level instead of overhead, which places the client in the position of vulnerability. Offering of self is therapeutic but not to discuss the family through the nurse's eye. Exploring past relationships does not focus on the issues today. Offering to call the daughter would not be done until further information is obtained.
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Advocacy and support are activities associated with which learning style?
- A. Cognitive
- B. Cultural
- C. Psychomotor
- D. Affective
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The affective learner learns best when presented with information that appeals to feelings, beliefs, and values. Cognitive learners process information best by listening to or reading facts and descriptions. The psychomotor learner prefers to learn by doing. There is no learning style classified as cultural.
The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with a cerebral vascular accident and displays expressive aphasia. In which manner does the nurse best promote communication?
- A. Ask the client open-ended questions and allow time for a response.
- B. Give the client a tablet and pencil to use.
- C. Provide the client with a speaking valve.
- D. Use a picture board with common responses.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For clients with aphasia, it is most helpful to have a picture board with responses to convey meaning. This decreases some frustration and allows the client to have some control over care. Asking a client with expressive aphasia open-ended questions is not the best option because the client is unable to give lengthy responses. Depending on the client's degree of aphasia, closed-ended questions may be appropriate. A speaking valve is useful for a client who has a tracheostomy or one who has had laryngectomy.
The nurse is discharging a client with an indwelling Foley catheter. Which instructional method is best when teaching a psychomotor learner about the care necessary?
- A. Provide a booklet that outlines directions.
- B. Provide the phone number of a nursing agency to assist with care.
- C. Provide testimonials of others who have had a Foley catheter at home.
- D. Provide the Foley catheter and equipment to handle and practice care.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A psychomotor learner prefers to learn by doing. Providing equipment enables the learner to use the equipment and reinforces the necessary care. The booklet would be appropriate for the cognitive learner. A nursing agency is most often ordered by a physician for nursing care but is not a daily service. Testimonials are effective for affective learners.
The nurse is evaluating the comprehension of a client's knowledge of the subcutaneous administration of an anticoagulant medication. Which method provides the best feedback?
- A. Having the client explain the medication and injection site
- B. Having the client demonstrate the injection technique on an orange
- C. Having the client watch the nurse prepare the medication and administer it
- D. Having the client prepare the syringe and independently administer the injection
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Having the client prepare the syringe and independently administer the injection is the 'show back' portion of learning comprehension because it includes demonstrating the skill. By independently demonstrating, the nurse is able to evaluate the knowledge base and skill. Having the client watch the nurse administer the medication involves teaching, but not performing the skill. Having the client explain the medication and injection site or administer the injection into an orange demonstrates parts of the skill but does not allow the nurse to evaluate the entire skill.
The nurse is preparing a community education program about a new treatment for prostate cancer. At what level would the nurse prepare the distributed educational materials?
- A. Upper grade school, 4th to 6th grade level
- B. High school, 10th to 12th grade level
- C. Middle school, 7th to 9th grade level
- D. College, over the 12th grade level
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When preparing educational materials for the general population, the language or words used should be at the middle school, 7th to 9th grade level.