Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client whose native language is Korean; he speaks only a few words of English. The health care provider has determined that the client needs to undergo a coronary artery bypass graft. Which is the appropriate action by the nurse?
- A. ask the client's spouse to give consent for the procedure before explaining it to the client
- B. ask the client's spouse to translate for the health care provider and explain the procedure to the client
- C. communicate with the client by showing pictures of the intended surgery while a family member translates
- D. request a licensed translator to interpret for the health care provider and client during the conversation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A licensed translator ensures accurate communication and informed consent, adhering to ethical and legal standards.
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An adolescent client with cystic acne has a prescription for Accutane (isotretinoin). Which lab work is needed before beginning the medication?
- A. Complete blood count
- B. Clean-catch urinalysis
- C. Liver profile
- D. Thyroid function test
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A liver profile is required before starting isotretinoin due to its potential hepatotoxicity, ensuring safe administration.
A Turkish-speaking client is scheduled for a colonoscopy, and the nurse must provide printed directions to the client, but directions are not available in Turkish. Which of the following is most appropriate?
- A. The nurse contacts a medical translator to translate.
- B. The client's 10-year-old daughter translates the directions.
- C. The nurse draws pictures and pantomimes directions.
- D. Client's daughter is advised to tell her parent to seek a translator.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Contacting a medical translator (A) ensures accurate communication for critical medical instructions. Using a child (B) is unreliable, pictures/pantomime (C) may be unclear, and advising the daughter to find a translator (D) shifts responsibility inappropriately.
The nurse is aware that African-Americans are at higher risk than Caucasians for which of the following conditions? Select all that apply.
- A. Hypertension.
- B. Diabetes mellitus.
- C. Asthma.
- D. Skin cancer.
- E. Osteoporosis.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: African-Americans have a higher risk for hypertension (A) and diabetes mellitus (B) compared to Caucasians due to genetic and socioeconomic factors. Asthma (C) risk is similar across groups, while skin cancer (D) and osteoporosis (E) are less prevalent in African-Americans.
A client with a diagnosis of HPV is at risk for which of the following?
- A. Hodgkin's lymphoma
- B. Cervical cancer
- C. Multiple myeloma
- D. Ovarian cancer
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major risk factor for cervical cancer, particularly high-risk strains like HPV-16 and HPV-18.
A client with Alzheimer's disease is awaiting placement in a skilled nursing facility. Which long-term plans would be most therapeutic for the client?
- A. Placing mirrors in several locations in the home
- B. Placing a picture of herself in her bedroom
- C. Placing simple signs to indicate the location of the bedroom, bathroom, and so on
- D. Alternating healthcare workers to prevent boredom
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Simple signs help orient clients with Alzheimer's, reducing confusion and promoting independence in a new environment.