Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of liver cirrhosis who is prescribed lactulose (Cephulac). The nurse should expect the client to experience which of the following effects?
- A. Reduced ascites.
- B. Decreased ammonia levels.
- C. Increased appetite.
- D. Weight loss.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lactulose reduces ammonia levels in cirrhosis by promoting its excretion, preventing hepatic encephalopathy.
You may also like to solve these questions
You are fully aware of the fact that some risk factors are correctable or modifiable and other risk factors are innate and not modifiable. Which of the following risk factors are most likely to be correctable?
- A. Genetic predisposition
- B. Lifestyle choices
- C. High risk behaviors
- D. An external locus of control
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Lifestyle choices (e.g., diet, exercise) and high-risk behaviors (e.g., smoking, substance abuse) are modifiable risk factors that can be addressed through education and behavior change. Genetic predisposition and an external locus of control are less easily modified.
You have been asked to teach an inservice class for nurses in your facility about ethics. Which of the following should you consider during the planning of this educational activity?
- A. Planning a way to evaluate the effectiveness of the class by seeing a decrease in the amount of referrals to the facility's Ethics Committee
- B. Establishing educational objectives for the class that reflect the methods and methodology that you will use to present the class content
- C. The need to exclude case studies from the class because this would violate client privacy and confidentiality
- D. Some of the most commonly occurring bioethical concerns including genetic engineering into the course content
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When planning an educational activity, establishing clear educational objectives is essential to define the content, methods, and expected outcomes of the class, ensuring effective learning.
The nurse teaches a client about an upcoming endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure. The nurse determines that the client has a need for further teaching if the client makes which statement?
- A. An anesthetic throat spray will be used.
- B. A signed informed consent is necessary.
- C. Medication will be given orally for sedation.
- D. It is important to lie still during the procedure.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Intravenous sedation (not oral) is given to relax the client, and an anesthetic throat spray is used to help keep the client from gagging as the endoscope is passed. The client has to sign an informed consent form. The client also needs to lie still for ERCP, which takes about an hour to perform.
A client with a history of type 2 diabetes is prescribed pioglitazone (Actos). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Weight gain.
- B. Hypoglycemia.
- C. Bradycardia.
- D. Hypotension.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pioglitazone can cause weight gain due to fluid retention.
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse whether he can take ginseng at home. The nurse should tell the client:
- A. No, there are no therapeutic benefits of ginseng
- B. You can take the ginseng to help improve your memory
- C. You can take ginseng if you take it with a carbohydrate
- D. You should ask your physician, as ginseng may affect blood sugar levels
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ginseng may affect blood sugar levels, potentially interacting with diabetes management, so the client should consult their physician. Ginseng has potential benefits but requires caution in diabetes.