Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of osteoarthritis. Which of the following interventions should be included in the plan of care?
- A. Encourage weight-bearing exercises.
- B. Apply cold packs to affected joints.
- C. Recommend a high-protein diet.
- D. Restrict physical activity.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A high-protein diet supports tissue repair in osteoarthritis, while weight-bearing exercises and cold packs may not be suitable.
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The nurse is assessing a client with a suspected hip fracture. Which of the following findings is most likely to be present?
- A. External rotation of the affected leg.
- B. Increased range of motion in the hip.
- C. Absence of pain on weight-bearing.
- D. Symmetrical leg lengths.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: External rotation of the affected leg is a common sign of a hip fracture due to muscle and bone displacement.
A client with a history of heart failure is prescribed spironolactone (Aldactone). The nurse should instruct the client to:
- A. Avoid potassium-rich foods.
- B. Take the medication at bedtime.
- C. Monitor blood pressure regularly.
- D. Stop the medication if dizziness occurs.
Correct Answer: A, C
Rationale: Spironolactone can cause hyperkalemia, requiring avoidance of potassium-rich foods, and blood pressure monitoring for hypotension.
Which of the following abnormal serum chemistry results is a client with cirrhosis who has developed ascites likely to have?
- A. Decreased aspartate aminotransferase.
- B. Hypoalbuminemia.
- C. Hyperkalemia.
- D. Decreased alanine aminotransferase.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cirrhosis impairs liver protein synthesis, leading to hypoalbuminemia, which causes ascites due to decreased oncotic pressure.
A client is receiving chemotherapy and reports nausea. The nurse should administer which of the following medications as prescribed?
- A. Ondansetron (Zofran).
- B. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl).
- C. Acetaminophen (Tylenol).
- D. Ibuprofen (Advil).
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ondansetron is an antiemetic commonly used to manage chemotherapy-induced nausea.
A client who has Ménière's disease is trying to cope with the chronic tinnitus that she is experiencing. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for the nurse to suggest for coping with the tinnitus?
- A. Maintain a quiet environment.
- B. Play background music.
- C. Avoid caffeine and nicotine.
- D. Take a mild sedative.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Background music can mask tinnitus, helping the client cope by reducing the perception of the noise.