Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client with a lower left lobe pulmonary abscess. Which position should the nurse instruct the client to maintain?
- A. left lateral
- B. Supine, knees flexed
- C. Dorsal recumbent
- D. Knee-chest
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The left lateral position promotes drainage of the abscess and improves ventilation.
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All the following statements about spontaneous coronary artery dissection are true, except
- A. More common in young females
- B. Proximal coronary involvement associated with immuno-inflammatory disease
- C. Intra-coronary imaging shows 'accordion sign'
- D. Physical stress precipitates it by causing intimal tear
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The 'accordion sign' is not typically associated with spontaneous coronary artery dissection.
Which assessment indicates that the parent of a 7-year-old is following the prescribed treatment for congestive heart failure (CHF)?
- A. HR of 56 beats per minute
- B. Elevated red blood cell count
- C. 50th percentile height and weight for age
- D. Urine output of 0.5 cc/kg/hr
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Normal growth (50th percentile) indicates good nutrition and overall health, suggesting that CHF is well controlled.
Corneal opacities are seen in:
- A. Marfan's syndrome
- B. Herpes simplex infection
- C. Hurler syndrome
- D. Osteogenesis imperfecta
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Corneal opacities are a characteristic feature of Hurler syndrome, a type of mucopolysaccharidosis.
Regarding cough receptors:
- A. There is increased sensitivity in viral infections
- B. ~2-agonists decrease the sensitivity of cough receptors
- C. Exercise can stimulate the cough receptors in asthmatics
- D. They are predominantly seen in the large airways
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cough receptor sensitivity increases during viral infections, leading to heightened cough reflex.
What is one of the most frequent causes of hypovolemic shock in children?
- A. Sepsis
- B. Blood loss
- C. Anaphylaxis
- D. Congenital heart disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Blood loss is the most frequent cause of hypovolemic shock in children. Sepsis causes septic shock, which is overwhelming sepsis and circulating bacterial toxins. Anaphylactic shock results from extreme allergy or hypersensitivity to a foreign substance. Congenital heart disease contributes to hypervolemia, not hypovolemia.