Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client with increased intracranial pressure (ICP). The nurse plans on positioning the client's head of bed at
- A. 25 degrees.
- B. 30-40 degrees.
- C. 10-20 degrees.
- D. 5-10 degrees.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A 30-40 degree elevation optimizes cerebral venous drainage, reducing ICP. Lower angles may increase ICP, and 25 degrees is suboptimal.
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The nurse is applying soft wrist restraints to a client who is violent towards the nursing staff. Which actions by the nurse are appropriate? Select all that apply.
- A. Places a pair of scissors at the bedside for emergent discontinuation.
- B. Positions the client supine after applying both wrist restraints.
- C. Releases both restraints at the same time, every two hours.
- D. Informs the client of the behavior necessary to demonstrate to end the restraints.
- E. Ensures two fingers can be placed under each restraint.
Correct Answer: D,E
Rationale: Informing the client of expected behavior and ensuring a two-finger gap promote safety and compliance. Scissors are unsafe, supine positioning is not required, and simultaneous release is impractical.
A nurse is taking care of a client undergoing cerebral angiography. Which statement by the client would require immediate follow-up?
- A. I feel like I'm going to vomit.
- B. I hope my results are okay.
- C. It's getting a bit hot in here.
- D. My throat is getting a bit itchy, and my eyes are getting watery.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Itchy throat and watery eyes suggest an allergic reaction to the contrast dye, requiring immediate intervention. Nausea, hopefulness, and feeling warm are less urgent.
The nurse is conducting a staff education program on managing chemotherapy spills. Which actions should the nurse recommend be taken in the event of a chemotherapy spill? Select all that apply.
- A. Immediately evacuate clients and personnel from the area.
- B. Don personal protective equipment (PPE) before cleaning up the spill.
- C. Contain the spill using non-absorbable sheets or pads.
- D. Complete an incident report.
- E. Discard all material used in cleanup in a trash bag.
- F. Implement droplet precautions after the spill has been cleaned.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Evacuation, PPE, containment, and incident reporting are standard for chemotherapy spills. Cleanup materials require biohazard disposal, not regular trash.
The nurse is obtaining vital signs for a client who has acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Prior to entering the room, the nurse should do which of the following?
- A. Wear gloves and a gown.
- B. Perform hand hygiene.
- C. Review the client's viral load.
- D. Obtain a disposable stethoscope.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hand hygiene is required before entering any client’s room to prevent infection spread. Gloves/gown, viral load review, and disposable stethoscopes are not routinely needed for AIDS.
The nurse is part of an infection control committee that is responding to an outbreak of norovirus in the long-term care facility. Which recommendation should the nurse make to prevent further transmission of this outbreak?
- A. Place face shields outside client rooms.
- B. Discontinue indwelling urinary catheters that are not medically necessary.
- C. Wipe down surfaces with hot, soapy water.
- D. Increase the frequency of cleaning and disinfection of client care areas.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increased cleaning and disinfection of surfaces prevent norovirus spread via contaminated surfaces. Face shields, catheter discontinuation, and soapy water are less effective.