foundations of nursing test bank

foundations of nursing test bank Related

Review foundations of nursing test bank related questions and content

The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with Parkinsons disease. The patient is having increasing problems with rising from the sitting to the standing position. What should the nurse suggest to the patient to use that will aid in getting from the sitting to the standing position as well as aid in improving bowel elimination?

  • A. Use of a bedpan
  • B. Use of a raised toilet seat
  • C. Sitting quietly on the toilet every 2 hours
  • D. Following the outlined bowel program
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B - Use of a raised toilet seat

Rationale: A raised toilet seat helps the patient with Parkinson's disease by providing additional height, making it easier for them to transition from sitting to standing. This aids in improving mobility and reducing the risk of falls. Furthermore, the raised seat can also promote proper positioning for bowel elimination, making the process more comfortable and effective.

Incorrect Choices:
A: Using a bedpan does not address the issue of transitioning from sitting to standing, nor does it aid in improving bowel elimination for the patient.
C: Sitting quietly on the toilet every 2 hours may not directly address the physical challenges the patient is facing in transitioning from sitting to standing.
D: Following the outlined bowel program is important, but it does not specifically address the physical support needed to transition from sitting to standing for a patient with Parkinson's disease.

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A nurse obtained a telephone order from a primarycare provider for a patient in pain. Which chart entry should the nurse document?

  • A. 12/16/20XX 0915 Morphine, 2 mg, IV every 4 hours for incisional pain. VO Dr. Day/J. Winds, RN, read back.
  • B. 12/16/20XX 0915 Morphine, 2 mg, IV every 4 hours for incisional pain. TO J. Winds, RN, read back.
  • C. 12/16/20XX 0915 Morphine, 2 mg, IV every 4 hours for incisional pain. TO Dr. Day/J. Winds, RN, read back.
  • D. 12/16/20XX 0915 Morphine, 2 mg, IV every 4 hours for incisional pain. TO J. Winds, RN.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because it includes all necessary components for a complete and accurate chart entry. The nurse documents the date and time of the order, the medication prescribed (Morphine, 2 mg, IV every 4 hours), the indication for use (incisional pain), the intended recipient (Dr. Day), the nurse's name (J. Winds), and confirmation of the read-back procedure. This entry ensures clarity, accountability, and proper communication among healthcare team members.

Choice A is incorrect because it misses the recipient of the order (Dr. Day) and only includes the nurse's name in the read-back. Choice B is incorrect because it lacks the recipient of the order and the confirmation of the read-back procedure with the primary care provider. Choice D is incorrect because it does not specify the primary care provider who gave the order and misses the read-back confirmation with the provider.

A patient newly diagnosed with cancer is scheduled to begin chemotherapy treatment and the nurse is providing anticipatory guidance about potential adverse effects. When addressing the most common adverse effect, what should the nurse describe?

  • A. Pruritis (itching)
  • B. Nausea and vomiting
  • C. Altered glucose metabolism
  • D. Confusion
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nausea and vomiting. Chemotherapy commonly causes gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea and vomiting, due to its impact on rapidly dividing cells in the digestive tract. This adverse effect can significantly impact a patient's quality of life and adherence to treatment. Pruritis (A), itching, is less common and usually not a primary side effect of chemotherapy. Altered glucose metabolism (C) is a potential effect of some chemotherapeutic agents but is not the most common adverse effect. Confusion (D) is not typically associated with chemotherapy and is more commonly seen with other medications or medical conditions.

A nurse is working at a health fair screening people for liver cancer. Which population group should the nurse monitor mostclosely for liver cancer?

  • A. Hispanic
  • B. Asian Americans
  • C. Non-Hispanic Caucasians
  • D. Non-Hispanic African-Americans
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Asian Americans. Asian Americans have a higher incidence of liver cancer compared to other population groups due to factors such as chronic hepatitis B infection and dietary aflatoxin exposure. Monitoring this group closely is essential for early detection and intervention.

Incorrect choices:
A: Hispanic - While Hispanics have a higher prevalence of fatty liver disease, the highest risk of liver cancer is not among this group.
C: Non-Hispanic Caucasians - Caucasians have a lower incidence of liver cancer compared to Asian Americans.
D: Non-Hispanic African-Americans - African-Americans have a lower risk of liver cancer compared to Asian Americans due to differences in risk factors and prevalence of hepatitis B.

The labor and birth nurse is reviewing the risk factors for placenta previa with a group of nursing students. The nurse determines that the students understood the discussion when they identify which patient being at the highest risk for developing a placenta previa?

  • A. Female fetus, Mexican-American, primigravida
  • B. Male fetus, Asian-American, previous preterm birth
  • C. Male fetus, African-American, previous cesarean birth
  • D. Female fetus, European-American, previous spontaneous abortion
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because African-American ethnicity and previous cesarean birth are established risk factors for placenta previa due to the potential for scarring and abnormal placental implantation. Male fetus does not influence the risk. Asian-American ethnicity and previous preterm birth are not significant risk factors. European-American ethnicity and previous spontaneous abortion are also not associated with an increased risk of placenta previa.

A patient has tested HIV-positive and has now discovered that she is pregnant. Which statement indicates that she understands the risks of this diagnosis?

  • A. “I know I will need to have an abortion as soon as possible.”
  • B. “Even though my test is positive, my baby might not be affected.”
  • C. “My baby is certain to have AIDS and die within the first year of life.”
  • D. “This pregnancy will probably decrease the chance that I will develop AIDS.”
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it shows an understanding that being HIV-positive does not guarantee transmission to the baby. The statement acknowledges the possibility of the baby not being affected, which demonstrates awareness of the varying outcomes. Choice A is incorrect as it assumes abortion is the only option. Choice C is incorrect as it makes an extreme and inaccurate claim. Choice D is incorrect as pregnancy does not decrease the chance of developing AIDS.

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